kdb command

KDB+ 2.3 2006.10.09 Copyright (C) 1993-2006 Kx Systems 10/16/2006

q [f] [-p p] [-s s] [-t t] [-T T] [-o o] [-u|U u] [-w w] [-r r] [-l]

f load script (*.q), file or directory

-p port kdbc(/jdbc/odbc) http(html xml txt csv)
-s slaves for parallel execution
-t timer milliseconds
-T timeout seconds(applies to all client queries)
-o offset hours (from GMT: affects .z.Z)
-u|U usr:pwd file (if file doesn’t exist, process dies)(U=no file restrictions)
-w workspace MB limit (default: 0 unlimitied)
-r replicate from :host:port (-R sync)
-l log updates to filesystem (-L sync)
-z [0] "D" uses mm/dd/yyyy or dd/mm/yyyy
-P [7] printdigits (0:all)
-W [2] week offset (0:sat)

\a

tables

\b

views

\c [23 79]

console height,width

\d [d]

directory

\e 0|1

error trap clients

\f [d]

functions

\l [f]

load file (or dir:files splays parts scripts)

\o [0N]

offset from gmt

\p [i]

port (0 turns off)

\s [0]

slaves

\t [t]

timer set (or time expression) (1st fire after delay)

\u

reload user-password file

\v [d]

variables

\w

workspace(in-use/allocated/max/mapped; max=0 => unlimited, set by
-w)
\z [0]

"D"$ uses mm/dd/yyyy or dd/mm/yyyy

\B

invalid dependencies

\C [36 2000]

browser height,width

\P [7]

print digits(0-all)

\S [-314159]

seed

\T [0]

timeout

\W [2]

week offset(sat..fri)

\cd..

o/s commands

\\

exit

char size type literal

q

sql

java

.net

xmlschema

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

b

1

1

0b

boolean

Boolean

boolean

boolean

x

1

4

0x0

byte

Byte

byte

byte

h

2

5

0h

short

smallint

Short

int16

short

i

4

6

0

int

int

Integer

int32

int

j

8

7

0j

long

bigint

Long

int64

long

e

4

8

0e

real

real

Float

single

single

f

8

9

0.0

float

float

Double

double

double

c

1

10

""

char

Character char

s

.

11

`

symbol

varchar

String

string

string

m

4

13

2000.01m

month

d

4

14

2000.01.01

date

date

Date

date

z

8

15

dateTtime

datetime timestamp Timestamp DateTime dateTime

u

4

17

00:00

minute

v

4

18

00:00:00

second

t

4

19

00:00:00.000 time

time

Time

TimeSpan time

*

4

20.. `s$`

enum

`char$data `CHAR$string

The int, float, char and symbol literal nulls are: 0N 0n " " `.
The rest use type extensions, e.g. 0Nd. No null for boolean or byte.
0Wd 0Wz 0Wt – placeholder infinite dates/times/datetimes (no math)

date.(year month week mm dd)
dict:`a`b!.. table:([]x:..;y:..) or +`x`y!..
time.(minute second mm ss) milliseconds=time mod 1000

Verb Infix

Prefix

s:x gets

:x idem

i+i plus

+l flip

i-i minus

-i neg

i*i times

*l first

f%f divide

%f reciprocal

a&a and

&B where

a|a or

|l reverse

a^a fill

^a null

a=a equal

=l group

a<a less

<l iasc

<s(hopen)

a>a more

>l idesc

>i(hclose)

c$a cast s$ $a string

h$a "C"$C `$C

l,l cat

,x enlist

i#l take

#l count

i_l drop

_a floor

sc(lower)

x~x match

~a not

~s(hdelete)

l!l xkey

!d key

!i (s;();S):!s

A?a find

l distinct rand([n]?bxhijefcs)

x@i at

s@ @x type

trap amend(:+-*%&|,)

x.l dot s. .d value

.sCL trap dmend(:+-*%&|,)
A bin a;a in A;a within(a;a);sC like C
{sqrt log exp sin cos tan asin acos atan}f
last sum prd min max avg

wsum wavg exit getenv
dependency::expression
Adverb

'

eachboth

each

/

[x]over

over(:+*&|,)

[x]do/while

\

[x]scan

scan(:+*&|,)

[x]do\while

':

[x]prior

prior(:-%)

/:

eachright

sv(i:i/:I s:`/:S C:c/:L) j:0x40/:X i:0x0/:X

\:

eachleft

vs(I:i\:i S:`\:s L:c\:C) X:0x40\:j X:0x0\:i

Control $[c;t;f] ?[b;t;f] if[c;..] do[n;..] while[c;..]

(:return) ('signal) @[f;x;g](trap)

comm h:<`:host:port;h"23";(-h)"a:2";>h also: h:<`:file;h 0x..
file .[`:f[/];();[:,];..] !`:d .`:d(defermap) stdout: -1".." stderr: -2".."
line f 0:L:0:f[,j,n] write/read L:w 0:L:("*BXHIJEFCSMDZUVT ";[,]delim)0:{L|f[,j,n]}
byte f 1:G:1:f[,j,n] write/read G:w 1:L:("*bxhijefcsmdzuvt ";

width)1:{G|f[,j,n]}

BNF (Expressions term Noun Verb Adverb Clauses) e:nve|te| t:n|v:tA|V
n:(<[E]>E)|{<[E]>E}|t[E:E;e|[E]]|N|{exec|select|update|delete}C<by C>
from e<where C:C,e>

parse: ([f|{}];x;,`s)
t insert x
[t;c;b;a] /select,exec
![t;c;b;a] /update,delete

parallel: dir/{date|month|year|int}/{table}/{fields}

updates can happen in background then send reset"\\l ."

.z. f(file) x(args) a(addr) h(host) u(user) w(who) s(self) zZ(gmt/local)

k(releasedate) l(license info) o(os)

b(dependencies) K(version)

.z. pg[x](get)

ps[x](set)

po[h](open)

pc[h](close) pi[x](qcon)

ph[x](http)

pp[x](http post) ts[z](timer)

vs[v;i](set) pw[u;p] (validate)

abs

aj

all

and

any

asc

asof

attr

ceiling

cols

cor

count

cov

cross

csv

cut

deltas

desc

dev

differ

distinct

each

enlist

except

fby

fills

first

flip

floor

get

group

gtime

hclose

hcount

hdel

hopen

hsym

iasc

idesc

inter

inv

key

keys

lj

load

lower

lsq

ltime

mavg

maxs

mcount

md5

mdev

med

meta

mins

mmax

mmin

mmu

mod

msum

neg

next

not

null

or

peach

pj

prds

prev

rand

rank

ratios

raze

read0

read1

reciprocal

reverse

rload

rotate

rsave

save

set

show

signum

ssr

string

sublist

sums

sv

system

tables

til

trim

txf

type

uj

ungroup

union

upper

upsert

value

var

view

views

vs

where

xasc

xcol

xcols

xdesc

xexp

xgroup

xkey

xlog

xprev

xrank

acos

asin

atan

avg

bin

by

cos

delete

do

exec

exit

exp

from

getenv

in

insert

last

like

log

max

min

prd

select

sin

sqrt

ss

sum

tan

update

wavg

where

while

within

wsum

xbar

boolean

byte

char

date

datetime

dd

float

hh

int

long

minute

mm

month

real

second

short

ss

symbol

time

week

year

types

20+ userenums

105 composition

98 table

106 f'

99 dict

107 f/

100 lambda

108 f\

101 unary prim

109 f':

102 binary prim

110 f/:

103 ternary(operator)

111 f\:

104 projection

112 dynamic load

-1!`symbol - returns `:symbol (hsym)
-2!x - returns attributes of x (attr)
-3!x - returns string representation of x (.Q.s1)
-5!x – returns parse tree for string x (-5!"select from a") (parse)
-6!x – execute parse tree (-6!-5!"select from a") (eval)
-7!`:file - returns size of file in bytes (hcount)
-8!x - returns byte representation of x
-9!x - returns x from byte representation
-11!`:file - streaming execute
-12!x - .Q.host
-13!x - .Q.addr
-15!x (md5)

abs:{x|-x}
aj:{.Q.ft[{.Q.fl[y]z 2:(x,())#y}[x;;z]]y}
all:&/
and:&
any:|/
asc:{$[99h=@x;(!x)[i]!`s#r i:<r:. x;`s#x@<x]}
asof:2:
attr:-2!
ceiling:-_-:
cols:{$[.Q.qp x:.Q.v x;.Q.pf,!+x;98h=@x;!+x;11h=@!x;!x;!+0!x]}
cor:{cov[x;y]%dev[x]*dev y}
count:#:
cov:{avg[x*y]-avg[x]*avg y:"f"$y}
cross:{n:#m:&(#x)##y;$[99=@x;((!x)[m],'n#!y)!(. x)[m],'n#. y;x[m],'n#y]}
csv:","
cut:{$[0>@x;x*!-_-(#y)%x;x]_y}
deltas:-':
desc:{$[99h=@x;(!x)[i]!r i:>r:. x;x@>x]}
dev:{sqrt var x}
differ:~~':
distinct:?:
each:{x'y}
enlist:,:
except:{x@&~x in y}
fby:{$[#y;(x[0]'x[1]@=y)y;0#x[0]x 1]}
fills:^\
first:*:
flip:+:
floor:_:
get:.:
group:=:

gtime: {t+x-%t:x+x-%x}

hclose:>:
hcount:-7!
hdel:~:
hopen:<:
hsym:-1!
iasc:<:
idesc:>:
inter:{x@&x in y}
inv:!:
key:!:
keys:{$[98h=@x:.Q.v x;0#`;!+!x]}
lj:{.Q.ft[{.Q.fl[x]y(!+!y)#x}[;y]]x}
load:{$[1=#p:`\:*|`\:x:-1!x;set[*p;. x];set[*p].h.xt[p 1]@0:x]}'
lower:_:
lsq:!
ltime:%:
mavg:{msum[x;0.0^y]%mcount[x;y]}
maxs:|\
mcount:{msum[x;~^y]}
mdev:{sqrt mavg[x;y*y]-m*m:mavg[x;y]}
med:{.5*+/x(<x)@_.5*-1 0+#x}
meta:{1!+`c`t`f`a!$[p;(v;.Q.ty@. v:.Q.pf;`;`s),';](,c),

+((.Q.ty;{$[(20>t)|77<t:@x;`;!x]};-2!)@\:x@)'c:!+x:

$[p:.Q.qp x:.Q.v x;.Q.d0[].(.+x),`;0!x]}
md5:-15!
mins:&\

mmax: {(x-1)|':/y} mmin: {(x-1)&':/y} mmu:$

mod:{x-y xbar x}

msum:{y-(-x)_(x#0**y),y:+\y}