#sqlplus "/as sysdba"
>shutdown immediate;
>startup mount;
>ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=TRUE;
>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
>set linesize 120;
>alter database character set zhs16gbk;
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
RROR at line 1:
>ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk;
>ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE=FALSE;
>shutdown immediate;
>STARTUP;
ok 以上问题顺利解决。