卢森堡君主列表

卢森堡君主列表

本资料来源于中文和英文维基百科

法兰克王国分裂后，卢森堡在963年成为阿登伯爵西格弗里德的领地。1060年其后裔康拉德成为神圣罗马帝国的卢森堡伯爵，卢森堡领地基本形成。1308年卢森堡伯爵亨利四世被选为神圣罗马皇帝，称亨利七世，开创了帝国的卢森堡王朝 (1308～1437) 。卢森堡于1364年升为公爵领地。15世纪卢森堡为勃艮第公爵所控制，16世纪初转归哈布斯堡家族的查理一世统治。1556年又转归西班牙国王统治。1815年维也纳会议决定，卢森堡升为大公国，以尼德兰国王为大公。 卢森堡伯爵 Counts of Luxembourg 卢森堡早期家族 Elder House of Luxembourg 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 西格弗里德 Siegfried 922 28 October 998 963 to 28 October 998 - 亨利一世 Henry I 964 27 February 1026 28 October 998 to 27 February 1026 his son 亨利二世 Henry II 1007 14 August 1059 27 February 1026 to 16 October 1047 his nephew 吉塞尔伯特 Giselbert 1007 14 August 1059 16 October 1047 to 14 August 1059 his brother 康拉德一世 Conrad I 1040 8 August 1086 14 August 1059 to 8 August 1086 his son 亨利三世 Henry III 1070 1096 8 August 1086 to 1096 his son 威廉一世 William I 1081 1131 1096 to 1131 his brother 康拉德二世 Conrad II 1106 1136 1131 to 1136 his son 卢森堡-那慕尔家族 House of Luxembourg-Namur 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 失明的亨利四世 Henry IV the Blind 1112 14 August 1196 1136 to 1189 his first cousin 霍恩斯陶芬家族 House of Hohenstaufen 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 奥托 Otto June/July 1170 13 January 1200 1196 to 1197 his third-cousin onced removed 卢森堡-那慕尔家族 House of Luxembourg-Namur 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 埃梅辛德 Ermesinde July 1186 12 February 1247 1197 to 12 February 1247 Henry IV's only daughter and Otto's fourth cousin 狄奥贝尔德一世 Theobald I 1158 13 February 1214 1197 to 13 February 1214 her first husband and co-ruler 沃尔伦 Waleran 1180 2 July 1226 May 1214 to 2 July 1226 her second husband and co-ruler 卢森堡-林堡家族 House of Luxembourg-Limburg 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 金发的亨利五世 Henry V the Blonde 1216 24 December 1281 12 February 1247 to 24 December 1281 their son 死刑犯亨利六世 Henry VI the Condemned 1240 5 June 1288 24 December 1281 to 5 June 1288 his son 亨利七世 Henry VII 1275/1270 26 August 1346 5 June 1288 to 24 August 1313 his son 盲人约翰 John the Blind 10 August 1296 26 August 1346 24 August 1313 to 26 August 1346 his son 查理一世 Charles I the Popish King 14 May 1316 29 November 1378 26 August 1346 to 1353 his son 瓦茨拉夫一世 Wenceslaus I 25 February 1337 7 December 1383 1353 to 13 March 1354 his brother 卢森堡公爵 Dukes of Luxembourg 卢森堡于1354年成为大公国。 In 1354 the county was elevated to a duchy. 卢森堡-林堡家族 House of Luxembourg-Limburg 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 瓦茨拉夫一世 Wenceslaus I 25 February 1337 7 December 1383 13 March 1354 to 7 December 1383 himself as count 懒惰的瓦茨拉夫二世 Wenceslas II the Lazy 26 February 1361 16 August 1419 7 December 1383 to 1388 his nephew 约布斯特 Jobst December 1351 18 January 1411 1388 to 18 January 1411 his cousin 伊丽莎白一世 Elisabeth I November 1390 2 August 1451 18 January 1411 to 1443 his heiress & first cousin once removed 安东尼 Anthony August 1384 25 October 1415 18 January 1411 to 25 October 1415 her first husband and co-ruler 无情者约翰二世 John II the Pitiless 1374 6 January 1425 10 March 1418 to 6 January 1425 her second husband and co-ruler As Elisabeth had no surviving children, she sold Luxembourg to Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1441 but only to succeed upon her death. Philip captured the city of Luxembourg in 1443, but did not assume the ducal title because of conflicting claims by Anne of Austria, the closest Luxembourg relative. 调停者 Claimants 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 伊丽莎白一世 Elisabeth I November 1390 2 August 1451 1443 to 2 August 1451 - 拉斯洛五世 Ladislaus the Posthumous 22 February 1440 23 November 1457 2 August 1451 to 23 November 1457 her first cousin once removed 安妮 Anne 12 April 1432 13 November 1462 23 November 1457 to 13 November 1462 his sister 勇敢者威廉 William the Brave 30 April 1425 17 September 1482 her husband and co-pretender 伊丽莎白二世 Elisabeth II 1436 30 August 1505 13 November 1462 to 1467 her sister 卡西米尔·加杰尔伦 Casimir Jagiellon 30 November 1427 7 June 1492 her husband and co-pretender 瓦罗亚-勃艮第家族 House of Valois-Burgundy In 1467, when Elisabeth II of Austria, last rival claimant to the title, renounced her rights, Philip III's son, Charles, Duke of Burgundy, assumed the title of duke of Luxembourg, making it a subsidiary title of the Duke of Burgundy. 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 好人腓力一世 Philip I the Good 31 July 1396 15 June 1467 1443 to 15 June 1467 Elisabeth I's second cousin once removed and usurper 大胆的查理二世 Charles II the Bold 10 November 1433 5 January 1477 15 June 1467 to 5 January 1477 his son 富者玛丽一世 Mary I the Rich 13 February 1457 27 March 1482 5 January 1477 to 27 March 1482 his daughter 最后的骑士马克西米连一世 Maximilian I the Last Knight 22 March 1459 12 January 1519 her husband and co-ruler 哈布斯堡家族 House of Habsburg In 1482/1506 Luxembourg passed to the House of Habsburg. After the abdication of Charles V, the duchy of Luxembourg fell to the Spanish line of the House of Habsburg. 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 英俊的腓力二世 Philip II the Handsome 22 July 1478 25 September 1506 27 March 1482 to 25 September 1506 her son 查理三世 Charles III the Golden One 24 February 1500 21 September 1558 25 September 1506 to 16 January 1556 his son 谨慎者腓力三世 Philip III the Prudent 21 May 1527 21 September 1558 16 January 1556 to 13 September 1598 his son 伊莎贝拉·克拉拉·尤金公主 Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia 12 August 1566 1 December 1633 6 May 1598 to 13 July 1621 his daughter 奥地利的阿尔伯特七世 Albert VII, Archduke of Austria 15 November 1559 13 July 1621 his son-in-law 肥胖的腓力四世 Philip IV the Fat 8 April 1605 17 September 1665 31 July 1621 to 17 September 1665 their nephew 蛊惑者查理四世 Charles IV the Bewitched 6 November 1661 1 November 1700 17 September 1665 to 1 November 1700 his son During the War of Spanish Succession, 1701–1714, the duchy was disputed between Philip of Anjou, grandson of Louis XIV of France, from the House of Bourbon and Charles of Austria, son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, from the House of Habsburg. In 1712 Luxemburg and Namur were ceded to Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria by his French allies, but with the end of the war in 1713 with the Treaty of Utrecht Max. Emanuel was restored Elector of Bavaria. In 1713 the duchy fell to the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg. 波旁家族 House of Bourbon 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 腓力五世 Philip V Philippe de France 19 December 1683 9 July 1746 1 November 1700 to 1712 his grandnephew 维特尔斯巴赫家族 House of Wittelsbach 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 马克西米连二世 Maximilian II Maximilian Emanuel Ludwig Maria Joseph Kajetan Anton Nikolaus Franz Ignaz Felix 11 July 1662 26 February 1726 1712 to 11 April 1713 his first cousin once removed 哈布斯堡家族 House of Habsburg 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 查理五世 Charles V Karl Franz Joseph Wenceslau Balthasar Johann Anton Ignatius 1 October 1685 20 October 1740 11 April 1713 to 20 October 1740 his second cousin 玛丽亚二世·特里萨 Maria II Theresa Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina 13 May 1717 29 November 1780 20 October 1740 to 29 November 1780 his daughter 哈布斯堡-洛林家族 House of Habsburg-Lorraine 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 约瑟夫 Joseph Joseph Benedikt August Johannes Anton Michael Adam 13 March 1741 20 February 1790 29 November 1780 to 20 February 1790 her son 利奥波德 Leopold Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard 5 May 1747 1 March 1792 20 February 1790 to 1 March 1792 his brother 弗朗茨 Francis Francis Joseph Charles 12 February 1768 2 March 1835 1 March 1792 to 1794 his son Luxembourg was occupied by French revolutionaries between 1794 and 1813. At the Vienna Congress, it was elevated to a grand duchy and given in personal union to William I of the Netherlands. 卢森堡大公 Grand Dukes of Luxembourg 卢森堡大公（the Grand Duke of Luxembourg）是卢森堡大公国的国家元首。卢森堡大公国是世界上现存唯一的主权大公国。 The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg is the world's only sovereign extant Grand Duchy, a status to which Luxembourg was promoted in 1815 upon its unification with the Netherlands under the House of Orange-Nassau. The Luxembourgian constitution defines the Grand Duke's position: “ The Grand Duke is the head of state, symbol of its unity, and guarantor of national independence. He exercises executive power in accordance with the Constitution and the laws of the country.[1] ” 奥兰治-拿骚家族 House of Orange-Nassau 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 威廉一世 William I Willem Frederik (Prince William VI of Orange) 24 August 1772 12 December 1843 15 March 1815 to 7 October 1840 Francis' third cousin and Anne's direct descendant 威廉二世 William II Willem Frederik George Lodewijk 6 December 1792 17 March 1849 7 October 1840 to 17 March 1849 his son 威廉三世 William III Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk 17 February 1817 23 November 1890 17 March 1849 to 23 November 1890 his son 拿骚-魏尔堡家族 House of Nassau-Weilburg Under the 1783 Nassau Family Pact, those territories of the Nassau family in the Holy Roman Empire at the time of the Pact (Luxembourg and Nassau) were bound by semi-Salic law, which allowed inheritance by females or through the female line only upon extinction of male members of the dynasty. When William III died leaving only his daughter Wilhelmina as an heir, the crown of the Netherlands, not being bound by the family pact, passed to Wilhelmina. However, the crown of Luxembourg passed to a male of another branch of the House of Nassau: Adolphe, the dispossessed Duke of Nassau and head of the branch of Nassau-Weilburg. In 1905, Grand Duke Adolphe's younger half-brother, Prince Nikolaus Wilhelm of Nassau, died, having left a son Georg Nikolaus, Count von Merenberg who was, however, the product of a morganatic marriage, and therefore not legally a member of the House of Nassau. In 1907, Adolphe's only son, Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, obtained passage of a law confirming the right of his eldest daughter Marie-Adélaide, to succeed to the throne in virtue of the absence of any remaining dynastic males of the House of Nassau, as originally stipulated in the Nassau Family Pact. She became the grand duchy's first Reigning female monarch upon her father's death in 1912, and upon her own abdication in 1919, was succeeded by her younger sister Charlotte, who married Felix of Bourbon-Parma, a prince of the former Duchy of Parma. Charlotte's descendants have since Reigned as the continued dynasty of Nassau, and also constitute a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon-Parma. 肖像 姓名 出生日期 逝世日期 统治时间 与前任的关系 阿道夫一世 Adolphe 24 July 1817 17 November 1905 23 November 1890 to 17 November 1905 his nephew 威廉四世 William IV 22 April 1852 25 February 1912 17 November 1905 to 25 February 1912 his son 玛丽-阿德莱德 Marie-Adélaide 14 June 1894 24 January 1924 25 February 1912 to 14 January 1919 his daughter 夏洛特 Charlotte 23 January 1896 9 July 1985 14 January 1919 to 12 November 1964 her sister (younger daughter of William IV) 让 Jean 5 January 1921 Living 12 November 1964 to 7 October 2000 her son 亨利 Henri 16 April 1955 Living From 7 October 2000 (Incumbent) his son

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