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埃塞俄比亚风情录

 闲之寻味 2012-09-25
Photo: Two Ethiopian boys with body paint
001.Painted Ethiopian Boys
Photograph by Charles Meacham, My Shot
Many members of tribes in southern Ethiopia have resisted the temptation to move to cities and abandon their cultural traditions. Here, two tribal boys painted for a ceremony wait at a roadside hotel near the Omo Valley
  

001.埃塞俄比亚彩绘男孩

埃塞俄比亚南部有许多部落成员抵挡住了搬往城市,放弃自己文化传统的诱惑。图为两个部落男孩画好彩绘,在奥莫山谷附近的路边旅馆等着参加典礼。

Photo: Acacia tree

  
002.Herder
Photograph by David Sacks
Most rural Ethiopians are farmers and herders. But in the past few decades, deforestation, drought, and soil degradation have caused crop failures and famine. Millions have faced starvation. Here a young herder outside the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, seeks shade in a tree while his cattle graze nearby.
  

002.牧人

埃塞俄比亚农村大多数人是农民或牧人。但是,由于过去几十年的森林砍伐、干旱和土壤退化导致农作物歉收和严重饥荒,使数百万人面对饥饿。图为埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴外,一位年轻牧人在树荫里乘凉,他的牲畜在附近吃草。

  Photo: Mineral deposits around Dallol volcano
003.Dallol Volcano
Photograph by Carsten Peter
Sulfur, salt, and other minerals color the crater of Dallol, a volcano in the hottest place on Earth, Ethiopia's Danakil Depression. At 157 feet (48 meters) below sea level, Dallol is also the world's lowest land volcano.
  

003.达罗尔火山

硫磺、盐和其它矿物质使达罗尔火山口五彩缤纷。达罗尔火山位于埃塞俄比亚达纳基尔凹地,是地球上最热的地方。达罗尔火山低于海平面48米,也是世界上最低的火山。

Photo: Ethiopian farmers plowing with camel

  
004.Farmers With Camel
Photograph by Gaylon Wampler, My Shot
In Ethiopia, livestock help determine wealth and social status. In the eastern part of the country, where camels are most prevalent, farmers use these hardy symbols of the desert for milk, meat, transport, and, as here, for plowing.
  

004.农民和骆驼

在埃塞俄比亚,家畜的多少决定了人们的财富和社会地位。该国东部地区饲养最普遍的是骆驼。骆驼是沙漠地区吃苦耐劳的象征,农民们利用它们产奶、产肉,运输,还耕地。

Photo: Ethiopian priest with silver cross

005.Lalibela Priest
Photograph by Nick Bastis, My Shot
An Orthodox priest in Lalibela, in northern Ethiopia, displays the processional cross of his church—Bieta Masqal, or House of the Cross. Each of Lalibela’s 12 famed rock churches has its own ceremonial cross.
  

005.拉利贝拉神父

埃塞俄比亚北部拉利贝拉的一位东正教神父,展示他的教堂——十字架之屋(Bieta Masqal)的一个游行十字架。拉利贝拉拥有十二个著名的岩石教堂,每个都有自己的仪式十字架。

  

Photo: Plate of Ethiopian food

006.Ethiopian Food
Photograph by Fabio Murtas, My Shot
The dietary traditions of Ethiopia's varied regions and cultures have created a unique cuisine. The essential components include berbere, a spicy, red pepper paste; niter kibbeh, a spice-infused clarified butter; and injera, a flat, moist sourdough bread with a tangy flavor and airy texture. Food is generally eaten with the hand from a communal plate.
  

006.埃塞俄比亚食物

埃塞俄比亚各种地域,各种文化的饮食传统创造了独特的美食。其基本成分包括:“berbere”,一种香辣的红辣椒酱;“niter kibbeh”,一种注入香料的透明黄油;英吉拉(injera),一种湿润发酵的扁平面包,味道浓烈,但质地松软。食物一般放在公用的盘子里,人们用手拿着吃。

Photo: Close-up of a male gelada monkey

  
007.Gelada Monkey
Photograph by Michael Nichols/National Geographic
Gelada monkeys, the last surviving species of a once numerous genus of grazing primates, live only in the high mountain meadows of north-central Ethiopia. Though somewhat protected by the remoteness of their location, they’re facing pressure from humans as hunters and farmers encroach. Only about 100,000 to 200,000 geladas remain.
  

007.埃塞俄比亚狮尾狒狒

曾经有众多灵长类动物四处游荡,其中最后幸存的物种狮尾狒狒只生活在埃塞俄比亚中北部高山草地上。虽然它们的生活区偏远,起到了一点保护作用,但是,由于猎人和农民的侵犯,它们正面临着人类施加的压力。如今仅剩约100,000至200,000只狒狒。

  Photo: Ethiopian tribeswoman with necklaces
008.Hamar Tribeswoman
Photograph by Remi Benali
All Omo Valley tribes wear traditional attire and adornments, but the Hamar, like this woman, are by far the most elaborately turned out, often sporting multiple beaded necklaces, armfuls of metal bracelets, and elaborate, sculptured hairstyles.
  

008.哈马尔部落的女人

奥莫山谷所有部落民都穿传统服装和装饰品,而哈马尔人(如图)的打扮最精巧。她们常常炫耀多种珠状项链、金属手镯和精心雕塑的发型。

Photo: Danakil Depression in Ethiopia

  
009.Danakil Depression, Ethiopia
Photograph by Carsten Peter/National Geographic
Disks of travertine, a calcium-rich deposit, ring a hot spring in Ethiopia's Danakil Depression. Afar tribeswomen extract water from this forbidding landscape by building small stone towers over the geothermal vents. The steam condenses, and the water runs into a reservoir. When it cools, the women pour it into their goatskin bags.

009.埃塞俄比亚,达纳基尔凹地

富含碳质的沉积物——石灰华圆盘环绕埃塞俄比亚达纳基尔凹地的温泉。阿法尔部落的妇女在地热喷口上建造小石塔,从这险峻的地区取水。蒸汽凝结,水流进蓄水池。妇女们把冷却后的水灌进她们山羊皮袋。

Photo: Aerial view of pelicans over a lake
010.Pelicans Over Lake Chamo
Photograph by Michael Poliza/National Geographic
Pelicans fly above Lake Chamo, a shallow lake that, like its sister lake Abaya, is located within the Great Rift Valley in southwestern Ethiopia. Part of Nechisar National Park, Chamo is home to an abundance of wildlife, including large numbers of hippopotamuses and Nile crocodiles.
  

010.查莫湖上的塘鹅

飞过查莫湖的塘鹅。查莫湖和它的姐妹湖阿巴雅湖一样,位于埃塞俄比亚西南部的东非大裂谷。查莫湖是Nechisar国家公园的一部分,也是大量野生物的家园,其中包括大量的河马和尼罗河鳄鱼。

Photo: Stone-carved church in Ethiopia
011.Lalibela Church
Photograph by Philippe Bourseiller/Image Bank
The town of Lalibela in southern Ethiopia is renowned for 12 Christian churches that were hewed out of solid stone some 800 years ago. The most stunning is Bieta Giyorgis, shown here, a massive monolith 40 feet (12 meters) tall, intricately carved and shaped like a cross.
  

011.拉利贝拉教堂

埃塞俄比亚南部的拉利贝拉镇因约800年前从坚硬的岩石中开辟出十二座基督教教堂而闻名。这里展示的是最令人惊叹的Bieta Giyorgis。这是整块巨石,高12米,经过精心雕刻,形成十字架似的教堂。

Photo: Man near thatched huts in Ethiopia

  
012.Huts, Yabēlo
Photograph by Andrew Geiger/The Image Bank
A man stands by the huts of his tribespeople near Yabēlo, a town nearly on the border with Kenya. Most Ethiopians reside in the country's western highlands, and its population is almost evenly split between Christians, living in the highlands, and Muslims inhabiting the lowlands. The Oromo, Amhara, and Tigreans are the largest ethnic groups
012.亚贝洛镇附近,一名男子站在部落成员的茅屋旁。亚贝洛镇几乎坐落在肯尼亚边境上。埃塞俄比亚人大都生活在西部高地,其人口几乎平均划分为基督教徒(生活在高地)和伊斯兰教徒(生活在低地)。奥罗莫人族、阿姆哈拉族和Tigreans族是最大的族群。

Photo: Ethiopian woman with lip plate

  
013.Mursi Tribeswoman
Photograph by Jodi Cobb/National Geographic
  

Among the Mursi tribeswomen of Ethiopia's Omo Valley, lip platesare a source of pride and a sign of strength. When a girl is 15 or 16,her lower lip is cut and held open by a wooden plug. Over the nextseveral months, progressively larger plugs are inserted to stretch thelip. Not all girls  

  

continue until they can wear plates of the size shown here.

013.莫西族部落的女人

埃塞俄比亚奥莫山谷莫西族部落的女人中,唇盘是骄傲和力量的标志。女孩在15或16岁时,下嘴唇就被切开,用一个木头塞撑着。在以后几个月,塞进越来越大的木塞,撑大嘴唇。不过,并非所有的女孩都会继续撑下去,直到能承载图中这么大的盘子。

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