小升初必会英语语法：虚拟语气2009-12-30 来源：本站原创 如果你看到下列的句子，你会认为它们是正确的还是错的呢？ 1.I wish I were a bird. 2.We request that you be here tomorrow. 也许你会说:"哈哈，第一句的 I were 错了，应该是 I was；而第二句中的 you be是什么东东呀？不是 you are, 也不是 you will be, 什么 you be?!"其实上面的句子都是一种称为 Subjunctive 类型的句子。Subjunctive Mood 有的书译为"假设语气"，虽不很贴切；但在相当大的程度上，告诉我们这种句子的特点。Subjunctive Mood中文译作"虚拟语气"，似乎不及"假设语气"那么容易明白。它是一种动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。基本上，虚拟语气可分为虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present)和虚拟过去(Subjunctive Past)两种；但它们和时态(Tenses)上所指的现在时态(Present Tense)和过去时态(Past Tense)是有所不同的。 一、虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present): 虚拟现在的句子，在任何时候都要用动词的原形(root form)，就算是第三人称(he,she, it)也是如此。如： 1.1 现在时态(Simple Present): (右边为虚拟语气) I work ---- I work you work ---- you work he works ---- he work (注意到了吗，是 work，不是 works) she works ---- she work (不是 she works 喔） it works ---- it work (同样不是 it works 喔) we work ---- we work they work ---- they work 1.2 现在进行时态(Present Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气） I am working ---- I be working (注意用的是 be，怪怪的!) you are working ---- you be working he is working ---- he be working she is working ---- she be working it is working ---- it be working we are working ---- we be working they are woring ---- they be working 1.3 现在完成时态(Present Perfect):(右边为虚拟语气) I have worked ---- I have worked you have worked ---- you have worked he has worked ----- he have worked (用的还是have喔) she has worked ---- she have worked it has worked ---- it have worked we have worked ---- we have worked they have worked ---- they have worked 1.4 现在完成进行时态(Present Perfect Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气) I have been working ---- I have been working you have been working ---- you have been working he has been working ---- he have been working (是 he have, 不是 he has ) she has been working ---- she have been working it has been working --- it have been working we have been working ---- we have been working they have been working ---- they have been working 谈谈虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)（二） 二、虚拟过去(Subjunctive Past) 虚拟过去的动词无论在什么情况之下都要用过去复数形式。如：动词 be，在虚拟过去中要用 were。 2.1 过去时态(Simple Past):(右边为虚拟语气) I worked ---- I worked you worked ---- you worked he worked ---- he worked she worked ---- she worked it worked ---- it worked we worked ---- we worked they worked ---- they worked 2.2 过去进行时态(Past Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气) I was working ---- I were working （注意是 I were） you were working ---- you were working he was working ---- he were working (是 he were 喔) she was working ---- she were working it was working ---- it were working we were working ---- we were working they were working ---- they were working 2.3 过去完成时态(Past Perfect):(右边为虚拟语气) I had worked ---- I had worked you had worked ---- you had worked he had worked ---- he had worked she had worked ---- she had worked it had worked ---- it had worked we had worked ---- we had worked they had worked ---- they had worked (耶，全部都用 had ! ) 2.4 过去完成进行时态(Past Perfect Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气) I had been working ---- I had been working you had been working ---- you had been working he had been working ---- he had been working she had been working ---- she had been working it had been working ---- it had been working we had been working ---- we had been working they had been working ---- they had been working
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来自： 月明星空111 > 《小学适用语法(及动词变化)》
KET/PET考级[适用人群：中小学]
