公司法全文（英文版）

　　(3) Actual Controller referred to herein means a person who is not a shareholder of the company but has virtual control over corporate actions through investment in, agreement or other arrangements with the company.

　　(4) Affiliation referred to herein means the connection between a controlling shareholder, actual controller, director, supervisor or senior officer of a company and the enterprises controlled by them, directly or indirectly, or any other kinds of relationships that are likely to cause diversion of the company’s interests. Notwithstanding the foregoing, companies which majority of shares are controlled by the state are not necessarily affiliated with one another simply because the majority of their shares are commonly controlled by the state.

　　Article 218

　　This Law shall be applicable to foreign-invested limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies. Where the laws on enterprises with foreign investment provide otherwise, such provisions shall apply.

　　Article 219

　　This Law shall become effective on January 1, 2006.

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