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How to Annotate an Article

 Hyksos 2016-01-30
Annotation is used to highlight the key points of an article. Here we tell you how to annotate an article.
Did You Know?
Nota bene is an Italian and Latin phrase which means 'note well'. Annotation got its name from this phrase.

Annotation refers to the process of taking notes to analyze or examine a piece of writing. It includes summarizing the written work by reading it actively and understanding its meaning.

Annotations are not limited to text. They are also used in markup languages. They are added within the code of web pages for better readability. They are also used to describe the source code. Most commonly, they are used in academics. Here's your guide to annotating an article.

What is Annotation?
Annotation involves underlining or marking text that aids the user in understanding it. Annotations also involve writing a summary of the written work, in one's own words. In the simplest terms, annotations are notes that define the context of an article. You can annotate by hand, or using a computer.

How to Annotate an Article

Note the source of information at the top of the page.

Highlight the text where needed, so that you may be able to refer to it later.

Note down the page and line number for easy reference.

Always annotate as you read.

Focus on the themes used, and write them down in the margin.

Encircle the difficult words, as you read. Highlight the important points (those supporting or explaining the main idea) in the article.

Take notes for yourself, in the course of reading.

Write your opinions irrespective of whether they are same as or different from those of the author.

PDF File

Save the article as PDF.

You should have a text-based PDF rather than an image-based one. PDF reading programs allow you to highlight specific lines while images won't allow any manipulation.

Download a PDF Reading program like Adobe Reader or Apple Preview.

If you are using Apple Preview, you should go to Tools menu and select 'Annotate' to access the annotation tools. If you are using Adobe Reader, you should go to the View menu and select 'Comment' and then 'Annotations'.

When you come to a passage that you wish to highlight, use the highlight tool. If you wish to comment, then use the text-bubble tool to write in the margins.

After you are done, save the article.

Web Page

Download an online note-taking program like Evernote.

Install the tool on your browser.

Navigate to the web page on which the article is present.

Click the browser add-on button. In some cases, you need to highlight the page text before clicking on the button.

Use the annotation toolbar to highlight or draw information.

Save the annotation if you want to use it outside the web page.

On Kindle

Press and hold a word in your e-book and press 'highlight' to highlight it. Highlight the word and press 'Delete' to delete it.

Press and hold a word that you wish to annotate and tap 'Add Note' to type text.

Tap 'Save' to confirm and save it.

Tap the number where the note appears and click 'Edit Note' to make changes to it. To delete the note, tap the number and click on 'More' and select 'Delete Note' to delete it.

Example of an Annotation

Source: Doll, Susan and Greg Faller's "Blade Runner and Genre: Film Noir and Science Fiction"

Doll and Faller assert that Ridley Scott's film, Blade Runner, exhibits elements of two distinct pulp genres, film noir and science fiction. The genre cross-pollination is a reflection of Philip K. Dick's novel, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, upon which the movie is based. After a useful discussion of genre, the authors go on to effectively discuss defining characteristics of both noir and sci-fi, despite the difficulties of such a project. Through the course of accessible discussion and useful examples from the film, the complexities involved in the combination of genres are revealed. In addition, the article also examines the ways that noir and sci-fi in fact complement each other, noir providing a distinct style and sci-fi a distinct narrative direction. Both genres are also concerned with many of the same issues, especially social constructs, ethics, and the state of being human.

Here, the text in italics indicates the genre.

The color pink refers to the source of the material.

You could use other ways such as encircling, underlining, or marking in a particular color, to further annotate the passage. This may include, marking difficult words, highlighting important parts of the passage, and adding your comments.

These were some of the ways used to annotate an article. Annotations are most used by students as a part of academic research. They serve as an effective way to examine and understand articles, poems, essays, or even books and movies. Lately, they have made their way to the internet where they appear in the form of tags and bookmarks.

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