小品词to的去留

       不定式作某些及物动词的宾语补足语须省去to，而作主语补足语时又要恢复to。我们先看两个例子：

1. 放学后我看见他们打扫了教室。

【误】 I saw them to clean their classroom after school.

【正】 I saw them clean their classroom after school.

2. 有人看见他进了房间。

【误】 He was seen enter the room.

【正】 He was seen to enter the room.

       分析上面两个例子可知，see后接不定式作宾语补足语时，要跟不带to的不定式，但在被动语态中，动词不定式中的to不可省去。为了便于记忆，现将此用法编成一条口诀。

一、口诀呈现

       不定式，作宾补，下列词后省略to；

       四看看，三使役，一听一感半帮助；

       若是宾补变主补，to则一定要回府。

二、内容讲解

       口诀中的“四看看”指see, watch, notice和observe； “三使役”指have, let, make；“一听”指hear；“一感”指feel；“半帮助”指动词不定式作help的宾语补足语时可省去to，也可保留to。

三、即学即练

用括号内所给动词不定式的正确形式填空。

1. Tom saw them _______ (go) out.

2. Laura felt someone _______ (touch) her on the shoulder.

3. Aziz watched him _______ (go) with amazement.

4. Alice was heard _______ (make) some remarks on this matter.

5. These workers were made _______ (work) long hours in the sun.

6. What made you _______ (think) like that?

答案

1. go           2. touch         3. go   

4. to make   5. to work      6. think

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