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Starting the day with a bowl of cereal or porridge could add years to your life, scientists claim. 科学家称，以一碗麦片粥开始一天的生活能够延长寿命。 A diet high in whole grains and cereal fibres reduces the risk of premature death from chronic diseases including cancer, heart disease, respiratory disease and diabetes. 富含全谷物或谷类纤维的饮食能够降低癌症，心脏病，呼吸道疾病和糖尿病等慢性疾病造成过早死亡的风险。 Whole grains are the entire seed of a plant used for food and contain the germ, bran and endospore, such as wheat, oat and quinoa. 全谷指的是用作食物的整个植物种子，包括胚芽，麸皮和芽孢在内。比如小麦，燕麦和藜麦。 They are rich sources of dietary fibre and other nutrients such as minerals and antioxidants. 它们富含膳食纤维和其他营养成分，比如矿物质和抗氧化剂。 The Harvard Public School of Health research found eating an average of 34g (1.2 ounces) of whole grains a day was associated with a 17 per cent reduced risk of premature death. 哈佛公共卫生学院研究发现，平均每天食用34克（1.2盎司）全谷可以使过早死亡的风险降低17%。 This was compared with those consuming an average of 3.98g (0.13 ounces). 这是与平均每天食用3.98克（0.13盎司）全谷物食品的人对比的数字。 Even when taking into account factors such as health, physical activity and obesity the reduction remained the same. 即使考虑到健康，体育运动和肥胖等因素在内，结果还是相同的。 The researchers also assessed the risk of getting various conditions. 研究人员还评估了其他各种疾病的风险。 A diet high in whole grains was associated with an 11 per cent reduced risk of death from respiratory disease, and a 48 per cent reduction in the risk of diabetes. 富含全谷物的饮食能够使死于呼吸道疾病的风险降低11%，死于糖尿病的风险降低48%。 Meanwhile, a high consumption of cereal fibres had a 15 per cent and 34 per cent reduced risk of death from cancer and diabetes. 与此同时，大量摄入谷类纤维可以分别降低15%和34%因癌症和糖尿病而造成的死亡风险。 The findings, published in the journal BMC Medicine, suggest that the cereal fibre component of whole grains accounts for the actions of the whole grains, and that cereal fibre-rich whole grain foods may have health benefits. 发表在BMC Medicine期刊上的研究结果表明，全谷中的谷类纤维成分在全谷的健康功效中发挥主要作用，富含谷类纤维的全谷食品或许具有健康功效。 But because it was an observational study, researchers could not confirm that whole grains and fibre are causing this reduced risk. 但是，由于这只是一项观察性研究，研究人员不能确认全谷物和谷类纤维与死亡风险降低之间存在因果关系。 However they believe cereal fibre may have protective effects thanks to multiple protective properties such as anti-inflammation. 然而，他们相信，由于消炎等多重防护特性的存在，谷类纤维可能有预防功效。 Associate Professor of Nutrition, Dr Lu Qi, said: 'Our study indicates that intake of whole grains and cereal fibre may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality and death from chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory disease.' 营养学副教授Lu Qi博士表示：“我们的研究表明，摄入全谷和谷类纤维可以降低所有原因的死亡率，并降低死于慢性疾病的风险，比如癌症，心脏病，糖尿病和呼吸道疾病。” The study involved an analysis of the the results of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. 该研究还对NIH-AARP饮食与健康研究的结果进行了分析。 This involved 500,000 members of AARP - a membership organisation of people aged over 50 from California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina and Pennsylvania, and the metropolitan areas of Georgia and Detroit. 该研究涵盖了50万名AARP饮食与健康研究组织50岁以上的会员——他们来自加利福尼亚州，佛罗里达州，路易斯安那州，新泽西州，北卡罗来纳州，宾夕法尼亚州，佐治亚州和底特律地区。 In 1993, volunteers were sent a questionnaire to gather information on their health and diet - based on frequency of intake for various food types including portion size. 1993年，研究人员向志愿者们分发了调查问卷，收集关于健康和饮食的信息，调查内容包括摄入食物频率、种类和份量。 Those who indicated in their initial questionnaires that they had cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes or end-stage renal disease were excluded from the study. 最初的调查问卷中表明患有癌症，心脏病，中风，糖尿病和晚期肾病的志愿者被排除在研究之外。 This meant a total of 367,442 participants were included in this particular research and were followed for an average of 14 years. 也就是说共有367,442人参加了这项特别的研究，平均研究周期长达14年。
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来自： Bookstore75 > 《English》
