来源:熊猫放射 译者:花人青老师 History: A 45-year-old woman presents with pain in her upper back and persistent pain and limited use of her left arm. 病史:45岁女性,上背部疼痛,左臂持续疼痛,运动受限。 Posteroanterior (PA) radiograph of the chest is shown below. 胸部正位片如下所示。 CT images Axial contrast-enhanced CT images of the thorax in soft-tissue windows are shown below. 胸部CT增强扫描(软组织窗)如下所示。 Additional CT imagesAxial and coronal contrast-enhanced CT images of the thorax in lung windows are shown below.胸部CT增强轴位及冠状位肺窗图像如下所示。 Findings
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Differential diagnosis
鉴别诊断:
Diagnosis: Pancoast tumor -- primary bronchogenic carcinoma 诊断:Pancoast瘤(原发性支气管肺癌) DiscussionPancoast tumors Pathophysiology Pancoast tumors are also referred to as superior sulcal tumors. This term is often reserved for bronchogenic carcinomas. The name is derived from their association with Pancoast syndrome, which results when the tumor involves the brachial plexus and sympathetic chain. Pancoast syndrome consists of shoulder pain, Horner syndrome, and C8-T2 radicular pain. 病理生理学:Pancoast瘤,也称作肺上钩癌,一般为支气管肺癌。因Pancoast综合征而得名,肿瘤累及臂丛神经及交感链。Pancoast综合征包括:肩部疼痛、霍纳综合征、C8-T2神经根痛。 Epidemiology Pancoast tumors account for 3% to 5% of all bronchogenic carcinomas. Most affected patients are between 50 and 60 years. Men are more commonly affected than women. Risk factors include smoking, asbestos exposure, and exposure to industrial elements. 流行病学:Pancoast瘤占所有支气管肺癌的3-5%,好发年龄位于50-60岁,男性多于女性。危险因素包括吸烟、石棉接触、暴露于工业环境。 Clinical presentation Patients present with symptoms of Pancoast syndrome: shoulder pain, Horner syndrome, and C8-T2 radicular pain. Patients may also have upper arm edema, secondary to subclavian vein occlusion. 临床表现:患者主要表现为Pancoast综合征:肩部疼痛、霍纳综合征、C8-T2神经根痛。也可因锁骨下静脉闭塞表现为上臂水肿。 Imaging features
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Treatment Treatment of Pancoast tumor is largely dependent on the stage of the cancer and the involvement of the apex, including soft-tissue structures such as nerves and vessels. If there is involvement of the brachial plexus and subclavian vessels, chemoradiation is often used to down grade the tumor to increase the probability of resection. 治疗: Pancoast瘤的治疗主要根据肿瘤的分期及局部受累(血管、神经)的情况而定。如果肿瘤侵犯臂丛神经及锁骨下血管,通常借助预先的放化疗来降低肿瘤分级来增加可切除率。 |
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来自: xuxinj2005 > 《医学影像》