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1 have no idea+wh-词引导的同位语从句 绝大多数同位语从句由that引导，只有have no idea（不知道）后可跟由wh-词引导的同位语从句。 ①I have no idea whether he will work hard. 我不直到他是否会努力学习。（同位） ②I have no idea who he is. 我不知道他是谁。（同位） 注：I have no idea在意思上相当于I don't know. 但是I don't know who he is. 中who he is 不再是同位语从句，而是宾语从句。 2 表因果的表语从句 ①This is because…这是因为……（表从） This is why…这就是为什么……（表从） ②The reason why sb. did sth. … is that … 某人做某事的原因是……（表从） 例句： ①He was late. This is because he missed the early bus. 他迟到了，这是因为他错过了早班车。（后句表原因） ②He missed the early bus. This is why he was late. 他错过了早班车，这就是他为什么迟到。（后句表结果） ③The reason why he was late is that he missed the early bus.他迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。（前句why he was late为定语从句） 3 特殊结构的名词性从句 ① 感叹句变成的名从 You can't imagine what a mistake I made. 你无法想象我犯了多大一个错误。名从来自于What a (big) mistake I made.(感叹句） You can't imagine what mistake I made. 你想象不出我犯了什么错误。名从来自于 What mistake did I make?(特殊疑问句） ② wh-词+to do构成的名从 I don't know what (I am) to do next. 我不知道下一步要做什么。（省略了名词性从句的主语和be） How（we are） to repair it is not mentioned in the instructions. 说明书里没提到如何维修。 ③ wh-词+ever引导的名从 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违反法律的人应该被惩罚。（whoever=anyone who, 没有疑问义，泛指） 注意跟下列句子的辨析： Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. 无论谁违反了法律，他都该被惩罚。(让步状语从句) Who broke the cup should be punished. 打了这个杯子的那个人应该被惩罚。（who没有疑问义，特指） I don’t know who broke this cup. 我不知道是谁打了这个杯子。（who在此有疑问义） 4 It作形式主语+主语从句 1adj. It is + adj. +主从 It ispossible/likely/probable that 有可能…… 2n. It is + n. +主从 ①It is a pity that 很遗憾…… ②It is no wonder that 难怪…… 3vi. It +不及物动词+主从 ①It seems that 似乎…… ②It happens that 碰巧…… ③It strikes/occurs to sb.that 某人突然想到…… 4-ed It is +过去分词+主从 ①It is said that 据说…… ②It is reported that 据报道…… ③It is known to all that 众所周知…… ④It iswidely/generally/universally thought/believed/acknowledged that 人们普遍认为…… 注意1：这四个it让你想起了什么？《4句话搞定虚拟语气(1)——名词性从句中的虚拟》中，我们也有4个it句式。注意对比异同。 It 作形式主语使用虚拟的句式： ①It is suggested that he should work hard. ②It is important, necessary，strange…that+ (should) do ③It is a pity, a shame, no wonder… that+(should) do ④It is (high/about) time that sb. shoulddo/did sth. 注意2：我们在前文《名词性从句的本质：三种句子充当四种成分》一起背诵了口诀： 4种成分（主，宾，表，同位）由3种句子（陈述句，一般疑问句，特殊疑问句)充当，注意辨析2组词（whether/if和what/that）和1个省略(that引导宾从时省略) 也要注意与名词性从句中的虚拟语气口诀区分： 在4种名词性从句（主，宾，表，同位）中，抓3种词性（suggest/suggested/suggestion+that），注意2个多义词（suggest表明；insist坚称）和1个time（It’s time that sb. should do/did sth.） 至此，名词性从句所有相关用法已经讲完了，有什么问题和建议请在文后留言。下文中我会讲定语从句。感谢每一位的关注鼓励。
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