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2018高考阅读理解障碍高频词汇
2018-10-10 | 阅:  转:  |  分享 
  
阅读理解高频障碍词汇

第1组

1.abnormallyadv.不正常地

2.absoluteadj.完全的,全部的;绝对的;十足的,地道的

3.abundantadj.大量的,丰盛的,充裕的

4.accomplishv.完成(任务),达到(目的),实现(计划、诺言等)

5.accumulatev.积累,积聚,增加

6.accuracyn.准确(性),精确(程度)

7.accusev.控告;指责,指控

8.acknowledgev.承认(权威或主张),告知(信件、礼物等)已收到

9.acquirev.获得,得到,学到

10.adaptv.使适应,使适合;改编

11.adequateadj.充分的,足够的;合格的;合乎需要的

12.adjustmentn.调整,适应,调节;修正

13.admissionn.准入;接纳;入场费;承认

14.adolescentn.青少年

adj.青春期的,青春的,青少年的

15.adoptv.收养,领养;采用,采取

16.adorev.(不用于进行时)热爱,敬慕,崇拜,钟爱,喜爱

17.adventuren.冒险;奇遇

18.advocatev.拥护,支持;提倡;鼓吹

n.鼓吹者,提倡者,拥护者,辩护人,律师

19.affectionn.喜爱,钟爱,挚爱

20.agencyn.代理机构,经销处,代理处,机构,(尤指政府内的)局,部,处

21.alcoholicadj.含酒精的

n.酒鬼,酗酒者

22.allergicadj.过敏的;厌恶的;过敏引起的

23.allocatev.拨给,划归,分配

24.alternativeadj.可供替代的,两者择一的,供选择的;另类的,非传统的

n.可供选择的事物

25.ambitionn.目标,野心,雄心,抱负,追求,夙愿

26.ambulancen.救护车

27.amountn.金额,数量v.总计





1.(2017·江苏高考)Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries,FllodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Inthe2.(2017·新课标卷III)absenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.

3.(2017·北京高考)If.(2016·浙江高考)Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.

.(2015·广东高考)Inrecentyears,however,younguppermiddle-classpeopleinLondon,havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents,inordertohidetheirclassorigins.

.(2015·江苏高考)Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.



1.ampleadj.足够的;丰裕的,富裕的;宽敞的,面积大的

2.analyzev.分析

3.analysisn.分析;分解

4.ancientadj.古代的,古老的

5.anecdoten.逸事,趣闻

6.anniversaryn.周年纪念日

7.annoyvt.(使)烦恼

8.annualadj.每年的,年度的,一年一次的

9.apparentadj.显而易见的,表面上的,貌似……的,明白的

10.appealv.呼吁;恳求;上诉,申诉;有吸引力

n.吸引力;上诉,申诉;呼吁

11.applaudv.&n.鼓掌,赞许,赞赏,欢呼,向鼓掌,向喝彩,称赞,赞许

12.applicantn.申请人

13.applicationn.申请,应用

14.approvev.赞成,同意,批准,通过

15.approximatelyadv.近似地,大约

16.arguevi.争辩,争论

vt.主张,认为

17.argumentn.争论,辩论

18.arisevi.起来,升起;出现,呈现,(由而)引起,(由)产生

19.arrangev.安排,布置

20.arrangementn.安排,布置,筹划

21.aspectn.方面,外观,外表

22.assessv.评价,评定(性质,质量)

23.assessmentn.看法,评价

24.assistancen.帮助,援助,支持

25.associatev.联想,联系;结交,交往;使联合,使有联系,把和联系在一起

n.合伙人,伙伴,同事

adj.非正式的;副的;联合的

26.associationn.协会,社团;联系

27.assumev.假定,假设;承担;呈现

28.assumptionn.假定,假设;担任

29.atmospheren.大气;气氛,环境

30.attemptvt.试图,尝试

n.尝试,努力



1.(2017·新课标卷III)Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater.

2.(2017·北京卷)Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.

3.(2017·新课标卷I)Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadanceparty

4.(2016·北京高考)Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.

.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.

.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(间隙)withconversation.

.(2015·浙江高考)Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoanalyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext.

第3组

1.attractionn.吸引,爱慕,吸引力;具有吸引力的人或物

2.availableadj.可获得的;可得到的;有空的;可用的

3.backgroundn.背景

4.backward(s)adv.向后

5.bann.禁令,禁止

v.禁止;取缔

6.bareadj.裸露的,光秃秃的,无遮蔽的,无掩护的,勉强的

v.露出,暴露

7.bargainn.(经讨价还价后)成交的商品;廉价货

v.讨价还价

8.bathevi.洗澡;游泳

n.游泳

9.behalfn.利益;方面;代表,维护

10.behavev.守规矩,行为,表现;做出反应,发生作用;举止规矩有礼,检点

11.beneathprep.在下方(面),(指地位等)低于,次于

12.bidv.&n.出价,喊价;命令,吩咐;投标;向(某人)道别n.喊价,出价;努力争取

13.biographyn.传记

14.blessvt.祝福;保佑;赞美

15.blockn.大块;(木、石等)块;街区;路障vt.阻塞;阻挡

16.boardn.木板;布告牌;委员会;(政府的)部v.上(船、火车、飞机等)

17.bonusn.奖金;红利;额外津贴

18.boomn.&v.繁荣;轰鸣;激增

n.隆隆声;(营业等的)激增;(经济等的)繁荣

19.botanicaladj.植物学的

20.botanyn.植物;植物学

21.bouncev.使弹起,蹦,上下晃动n.弹跳,跳动

22.braken.闸vi.刹车

23.branchn.树枝;分枝;分公司,分店;分支部,分支机构,分局

24.brandn.品牌,商标vt.打烙印于,加污名于

25.breakv.打破(断,碎);损坏,弄坏;打断;中断;摧毁;削弱;使破裂

n.休息;中断;间隔

26.breakthroughn.重大进展,突破

27.breathevi.呼吸



1.(2017·天津卷)Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomstolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.

2.(2017·天津卷)UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.

3.(2017·新课标卷I)Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.

4.(2017·新课标卷I)PushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired.

5.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183.

2.(2016·上海高考)Iwasnowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakaperson’sworld.

.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Nowthisformerroyalpalaceisopentothepublicasamajortouristattraction.

.(2014·重庆高考)Weshouldnotmistakenlybelievethatwealwaysbehaveasaresultofsomeinnerdisposition.

4组

1.briefadj.简洁的,简短的

2.broadadj.宽广的

3.broadcastvt.广播

4.brochuren.资料(或广告)手册

5.budgetn.预算,预算费v.做预算adj.廉价的

6.buffetn.自助餐vt.连续猛击

7.burstv.使爆裂,使破裂;突然发生n.(感情等的)爆发,破裂,爆炸

8.buryvt.埋,葬;覆盖

9.buttonn.纽扣;(电铃等的)按钮v.扣(纽扣),用纽扣挂住

10.campaignn.运动,战役;参加;发起运动

11.cancelvt.取消,撤销

12.candidaten.候选人,申请人;应试者;被认定适合者

13.cartoonn.动画片,卡通

14.casualadj.偶然的,碰巧的;非正式的;临时的;不定期的

15.cautiousadj.小心的,谨慎的

16.ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节

17.certificaten.证明,证明书;文凭

18.charactern.特征,特性;性格;角色;人物;(汉)字,字体;品格

19.classifyv.把分类,把归类

20.campaignn.运动;活动;战役v.参加运动;参加竞选

21.complexadj.难以理解的,复杂的n.建筑群;复合体

22.compulsoryadj.强制的,必须做的,义务的

23.confirmv.确认,确定;证实,证明;批准

24.consultv.请教;查阅;商议;咨询

25.conveyv.运输;传送;表达;传递(思想、感情等)

26.convincev.使确信,使信服,劝服,说服

27.declarevt.宣言,声称,声明;断言

28.declinev.减少,下降,衰退;谢绝,婉拒

29.decoratevt.装饰,修饰

30.delivervt.投递,传送(信件,邮包等);发表,宣布,交付



1.(2017·新课标卷II)Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.

1.(2016·浙江高考)Managingthefamilybudgetmusthavebeenaveryhardtask,butshemadeitlookeffortless.

2.(2016·天津高考)Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.

3.(2014·江西高考)Theclickofabuttonallowspeoplemilesaparttotalkorseeeachotherwithoutevenleavingtheirhomes.

4.(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.

5.(2014·四川高考)Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecanbeclassifiedas“nightowls”andonly10percentcanbeclassifiedas“earlybirds”—theother70percentareinthemiddle.

Group5

1.editorn.编辑

2.electricadj.电的;电动的

3.emergencyn.紧急情况;突发事件

4.especiallyadv.特别,尤其

5.examplen.例子;榜样

6.exchangen.交换,调换;交流

7.expandv.扩大,增加,扩展

8.explicitadj.明确的;清楚的;详述的;坦率的

9.explorev.探险,勘察,考察;探索,探究

10.explorern.探险者

11.exportn.&v.出口,输出

12.exposevt.揭露;露出,显露;使面临

13.expressvt.表达;表示;表露

n.特快列车,特快专递

14.extensionn.扩大;延伸;扩建;电话分机,分机号码

15.extraordinaryadj.非凡的,异乎寻常的

16.fantasticadj.(口语)极好的,美妙的,很棒的

17.faren.(车或船的)费用,票(价)

18.faultn.缺点,毛病;错误

19.feastn.盛宴,宴会,(宗教的)节日

20.federaladj.联邦制的,联邦政府的

21.femaleadj.女的;女性的;雌性的

n.女人;雌性动物

22.fightn.打仗(架),战斗

v.与打架,与作斗争

23.financen.资金;财政;财务;金融

vt.为筹集资金

24.fitadj.健康的;适合的;恰当的

v.(使)适合,合身;装进,可容纳

25.fixvt.使固定;修理;安装;确定,决定;安排

26.flashn.闪光;闪耀;(想法的)突现

v.使闪光;使闪现

27.flexibleadj.易弯曲的,柔韧的;灵活的,可变动的

28.fluentadj.流利的,流畅的

29.foggyadj.多雾的

30.followvt.跟随;接着,沿着,顺着;听懂,理解;遵循;仿效;跟得上



1.(2017·浙江卷)Italiansalways“seemeasaforeigner,”anoutsider,eventhoughshe’sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently,shesaid.

2.(2017·天津卷)Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.

3.(2017·新课卷II)The?plants?get?ready?to?fight?back.

4.(2017·浙江卷)ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant(移民)populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits,orinsomecases,citizenship.

Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.

6.(2016·江苏高考)Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-face,andit’scleartomethattheInternetisexpandingtherangeofmyownsocialprostheticsystems.

7.(2016·浙江高考)Thisbookexploresthemusicalinterestandneedsofchildrenintheirdailylives.

.(2016·江苏高考)Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman’saswellasaman’sworld.

.(2015·四川高考)AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin’schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).

.(2015·北京高考)Furthermore,studiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunicationbetweenparentsandtheircollegechildren.

6组

1.forecastn.&vt.预告

2.funn.乐趣;乐事;玩笑

3.furnituren.(总称)家具

4.glancevi.匆匆一看;一瞥;扫视

5.glarev.怒目而视

n.瞪眼;刺眼的强光

6.globen.地球仪;地球;球体

7.gloryn.光荣;荣誉;赞颂

8.graduatev.毕业

n.毕业生,研究生

9.graspv.抓住;紧握;理解,领会

10.grocern.零售商人;杂货店

11.guaranteen.保证;保证书;担保

v.保证;担保

12.guidancen.引导,指导

13.handlen.柄,把柄

v.处理;应付;拿,触

14.hardshipn.困难

15.headlinen.(报刊的)大字标题

16.hobbyn.业余爱好,嗜好

17.holyadj.神圣的

18.identityn.同一性;一致;身份

19.idiomn.习语,成语

20.ignorev.忽视,不理

21.illegaladj.不合法的,非法的

22.immigrationn.移民

23.incidentn.事件;冲突

24.incomen.收入;收益;所得

25.independentadj.独立的,自主的;有主见的

26.indicatev.表明,显示;象征;暗示;指示;指出

27.informationn.信息

28.insertvt.插入

n.(书报或杂志的)插页

29.inspectvt.检查;视察;检阅

30.instantadj.立即的,立刻的;速食的,即食的



1.(2017·新课标卷I)BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.

2.(2017·新课标卷II)Inthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsformallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingshakespeare’splaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureshakespearewrotefor.pleasecomeandjoinus.

3.(2017·天津卷)Keepthetonemeasured:don’thandleittoolightly,aspeoplecanbeoffered,especiallyifyourerrorsuggestsamisunderstandingoftheirculture(I.e.incorrectorderingofChinesenames).

4.(2016·天津高考)Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.

.(2016·天津高考)OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage,withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas—speaking,listening,readingandwriting.

.(2016·北京高考)Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.

.(2016·天津高考)Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.

.(2016·北京高考)Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.

.(2016·四川高考)Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.

.(2013·山东高考)ButdesignerMikhailBelyaevdoesn’tthinkthatforgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultinyougettingwet.

第7组

1.instituten.(研究)所,院,学院

2.insurevt.确保;给保险

3.intelligencen.智力;情报

4.interruptv.打扰,打断

5.journalistn.记者,新闻工作者

6.justicen.正义;公正;司法

7.magicadj.有魔力的

n.魔法;魔力;魅力

8.matureadj.成熟的,成年人的;深思熟虑的,慎重的

9.measurev.测量,衡量,量度为

n.量度尺寸;措施

10.merchantadj.商业的;商人的

n.商人;生意人

11.ministern.部长;牧师

12.mineraln.矿物质,矿物

13.motivationn.动机;动力;积极性

14.nutritionn.营养

15.occupationn.职业,工作;消遣;占用

16.particularadj.特殊的,个别的

17.pedestriann.步行者,行人

18.permanentadj.永久的,永恒的

19.plainadj.清楚的,明显的;普通的;朴素的;坦诚的

n.平原,旷野

20.policyn.政策,方针

21.preciousadj.宝贵的,珍贵的

22.previousadj.先前的,以往的

23.primaryadj.首要的;初级的

24.processn.过程,程序;步骤;方法;工艺流程,工序

v.处理,加工

25.professionn.职业,专业

26.profitn.利润,收益,益处

27.pronunciationn.发音

28.punctualadj.准时的

29.purchasev.&n.买,购买,采购

30.randomadj.随意的,任意的,未经事先考虑的



1.(2017·北京卷)Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.

2.(2017·新课标卷II)ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.

3.(2016·江苏高考)Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(认知的)skills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.

.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.

.(2016·浙江高考)Eachtimethebowlofriceispushedoverthetableedge,itfallstotheground—and,intheprocess,itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract(相互作用).

.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible.

.(2014·辽宁高考)TravisisthemanagerofG&Gwhereheisresponsibleforfortyemployees(雇员)andprofits(利润)ofover2millionperyear.

.(2013·北京高考)Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still,evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeoftencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.

8组

1.rangen.范围;一系列;射程;山脉

v.变化;变动;排列,排序;徘徊;漫步

2.reactv.起反应,有影响;反抗

3.receptionn.接待,招待会

4.reformv.&n.改革,改进

5.refreshv.更新;使恢复精力;提醒;使想起

6.registern.登记簿

v.登记

7.relatevi.有关;涉及

8.representvt.代表

9.reputationn.名声,名誉

10.resistv.抵抗;抵挡

11.standardn.&adj.标准(的)

12.strikev.敲,打,撞,击;打动,感动;擦火柴;侵袭

n.罢工

13.studion.工作室,演播室

14.survivev.幸存,存活,幸免于,比……活得长

15.targetn.目标,对象,靶子

v.把……作为攻击目标,把……对准

16.traditionn.传统,风俗,惯例

17.trickn.诡计,骗局,恶作剧;戏法;诀窍

vt.欺骗,欺诈

18.typicaladj.典型的,有代表性的

19.understandingn.领会;理解;谅解

20.urgev.敦促,催促,力劝;强烈主张;鼓励;促使

n.强烈欲望;冲动

21.vacantadj.空缺的,未被占用的;空闲的,茫然的

22.vainadj.自负的,自视过高的,徒劳的,无效的

23.valuen.价值;重要性

vt.评价;重视;估价

24.violencen.暴力;猛烈,剧烈

25.visualadj.视觉的

26.vitaladj.必不可少的,极其重要的;维持生命活动所必需的;充满活力的

27.weighvt.称的重量;权衡

28.welfaren.福利

29.withdrawv.撤回,撤离;收回;缩回;使退出;提取

30.witnessv.&n.目击者,证人;目击,目睹,亲身经历



1.(2017·新课标卷I)Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.

2.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.

.(2016·江苏高考)Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.

.(2016·江苏高考)Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.

.(2015·浙江高考)Thecircleisdividedintosections,andeachsectionrepresentsafractionofthedata.

.(2015·浙江高考)Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars,leavingbehindavacanthaze(霾)thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.





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