1. 一般过去时的构成: 1) 肯定句:主语+V(p)(动词过去式)。 主语+was/were+表语。 例:I had a word with Julia this morning. 今天早晨,我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。 You were absent from school two days ago. 你两天前没来学校. 2) 否定句:主语+didn’t +V(动词原形)。 主语+wasn’t/weren’t+表语。 例:He didn’t have classes this morning. 他今天上午没上课。 She wasn't in Grade 1 last year. 她不是去年上1年级。 3) 一般疑问句:Did+主语+V(动词原形)? Was/Were+主语+表语? 例: Did you tell him the truth? 你告诉他真相了吗? Was she in Grade 1 last year? 她去年上一吗? 4) 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+V(动词原形)? 一般疑问句 疑问词+was/were+主语? 一般疑问句 例: What did you do during the last summer vocation? 你去年暑假做了什么? How old was she then? 她当时多少岁了? 2. 一般过去时的基本用法: 1)过去某时发生的动作或状态。如: Who pointed out the mistake? 谁指出了这个错误? 2)过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 He will never be what he used to be. 他永远也不会象以前那个样子了。 3)情态动词的过去式如: could, would, should, might可用于现在或将来表示一种委婉的语气。如: Could you lend me your book? 你可以借我你的书吗? Would you like a cup of tea? 你要喝咖啡吗? What should I do now? 现在我该干些什么? 4)表示过去经常发生的动作也可用 used to或 would+动词原 形,如: He is no Longer what he used to be. 他已经不再是他过去的样子了。 He used to walk after supper,didn’t he? 他过去常常在晚饭后散步,是吗? I would tell him the great changes when I was in his home. 当我在他家的时候我常常给他讲那些巨大的变化。 5)一般过去时常用的状语有如: yesterday,in1960, two years ago, last week等。如: He fell ill yesterday. We had a good time last Sunday. She got up early when she was young. 3. 动词过去式变化规则: 1) 一般在动词末尾加-ed 如:pull-pulled ;cook-cooked ;want-wanted ;wash-washed; play-played 2) 结尾是e加d 如:taste-tasted ; love-loved; like-liked; hope-hoped ; dance-danced 3) 末尾只有一个元音字母加一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed 如:stop-stopped; plan-planned 4) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed 如:study-studied; cry-cried ; copy-copied 5) 不规则动词过去式 如:am/is-was; are-were; do-did ; see-saw; say-said; give-gave; get-got ; go-went; come-came ; have-had; eat-ate等。 |
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