Land Degradation & Development：人工种植草地与作物轮作改善农田土壤质量...

西北农林科技大学/中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所武高林研究员团队观测了五种典型人工种植草地的土壤相关指标，探讨了人工种植草地与作物轮作改善农田土壤质量的潜力。相关成果发表于Land Degradation & Development（IF=4.275）。

Abstract

In the long‐term improper agricultural activities can result in soil compaction, which is accompanied by a series of problems. Artificial grasslands with high economic benefits and environmental efficiencies are suitable for cultivation in semiarid areas. It is necessary to explore whether artificial grasslands could be used as crop rotation to improve compacted farmland. In this study, five typical artificial grasslands (Miscanthus sinensis, Medicago sativa, Panicum virgatum, Trifolium repens, and Bromus inermis) and bare farmland were selected to compare relevant indicators of soil physical properties (SPP), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil water storage (SWS), and aboveground biomass via field observations. B. inermis and T. repens with high depth‐averaged SOC (10.14 and 9.81 g kg⁻¹, respectively) had significant effects on the improvement of SPP, but such effects were limited by their low biomass yield (2,208.9 and 1,831.3 kg ha⁻¹, respectively). In contrast, P. virgatum improved SPP and increased SOC while maintaining higher biomass yield (25028.5 kg ha⁻¹) and SWS (1,534.79 mm). In conclusion, artificial grasslands with high environmental efficiencies improved soil quality and could be considered as feasible and suitable rotation species to increase land productivity and promote sustainable agricultural management. Furthermore, P. virgatum with higher biomass yield and SWS might be a feasible and suitable choice on the basis of its potential to improve soil quality in semiarid regions. 

长期的不当农业活动会导致土壤板结，并伴随着一系列的问题。人工草地具有较高的经济效益和环境效益，适合在半干旱区进行种植。基于此，本文对人工草地是否可以与作物轮作来改善板结农田进行了讨论。研究选取了5种典型的人工种植草地(芒草、紫花苜蓿、柳枝稷、白车轴草和无芒雀麦)和裸地，并观测比较其土壤物理性质(SPP)、土壤有机碳(SOC)、土壤蓄水量(SWS)、地上生物量等相关指标。无芒雀麦和白车轴草的平均有机碳含量较高(分别为10.14和9.81 g kg⁻¹)，且对SPP的提高有显著的影响，但其生物量产量(分别为2208.9和1831.3 kg ha⁻¹)较低，限制了其优势。相比之下，柳枝稷在保持较高的生物量产量(25028.5 kg ha⁻¹)和SWS (1534.79 mm)的同时，其SPP和SOC值均增加。综上所述，人工草地具有较高的环境效益，能够改善土壤质量，可以作为适宜的轮作作物来提高土地生产力和促进可持续农业管理。此外，本研究认为在半干旱区，具有较高生物量产量和保持较高土壤蓄水量的柳枝稷可能是一种适宜的轮作作物选项。