一、物主代词 | | | | | | | | | | 特别提示:形容词性物主代词的前后是不出现冠词的,这是在书写句子时最容易犯的错误。如:my name 而不能说 my a name。 | 1. 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,它分第一人称、第二人称和第三人称,每个人称又分单数和复数。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,本单元主要涉及形容词性物主代词。3. 形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特点,不能单独使用,只能修饰名词作定语,位于名词之前。our country 我们的国家my pen我的钢笔his phone number他的电话号码her first name 她的名字1.That isn’t knife. is green.(she)2. is a boy. name is Mike. Mike’s friends like very much.(he)3.My father and mother are teachers. are very busy(忙的). (them)4.Are these (you)pencils? Yes, they are (our)。5.Whose is this pencil? It’s (I).6.I love very much, and love me, too.(their)Keys:1. her; Hers 2.He;His;him3.They4.your;ours 5.mine6. them; They1.She is my friend.________ (she) name is Cindy.3.Good afternoon!________ (I) name is Helen.4.This is Alan.________ (his) is my friend.5.Hi,what's ________ (you) name?Keys:1.Her2.not3.My4.He5.your1. 连系动词be用在一般现在时中,用于说明人或事物的状态,身份以及年龄等。2. 连系动词be随人称或主语的单复数形式的变化而变化。第一人称单数(I)后用am,第一人称复数(we)后用are;3.be的现在式am, is, are在口语中常和前面的代词或名词构成缩写。通常情况下,am缩写为’m,is缩写为’s,are缩写为’re。I’m=I am that’s=that is who’re=who are4. 含有连系动词be的一般现在时的一般疑问句式,是把连系动词be提至句首。其否定句式是在be后直接加not,其变化形式归纳如下:缩写形式:is not=isn’t are not=aren’t(2) 在一般疑问句的肯定回答中,连系动词be一般不与主语缩写。1. 人称代词“I”在任何情况下都要大写,且与am搭配使用。2. 在口语中,如果人称代词孤立地用于不带谓语动词的句子中作主语,习惯上用宾格;如果用主格,就要带谓语动词。—I like playing baseball. 我喜欢打棒球。3. 单数人称代词并列作主语时,汉语中通常把“我”排在前面,而英语中的顺序通常是:第二人称→第三人称 →第一人称,即:you and he; he and I; you and I; he and I。但在承担责任时,要把“我”排在前面。Are you and she friends? 你跟她是朋友吗?4. 单独使用时,he, she与is搭配使用;you与are搭配使用;I与am搭配使用;而任何两个人称代词并列作主语时,均表达复数意义,与are连用。He and I are cousins. 我跟他是表兄弟。三、指示代词:this, that, these, those 1. 指示代词是表示“这个,那个,这些,那些”的代词。其中this和these指离说话人较近的人或事物;that和 those指离说话人较远的人或事物。2. 指示代词this, that作主语时,连系动词be用单数形式is,同时后面的名词用单数形式。当these, those作主语时,连系动词be用复数形式are,同时后面的名词用复数形式。(1) 在回答主语是this或that的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时,在答语中用it代替句中的this或that。当回答主语是these或those的问句时,在答语中用they代替句中的these或those。(2) 在介绍某人时,用this或that,而不用he或she。(3) 打电话时,说自己是谁用This is…,问别人是谁用Who’s that?我们在进行句型转换时,常会遇到“将单数形式的句子变为复数形式的句子”这类题。如何将单数形式的句子转换为复数形式的句子呢?(1) 指示代词的变化:this变为these,that变为those。This is a pencil. → These are pencils.(2) 人称代词的变化:第一人称I变为we,you不发生变化,he/she/it变为they。I’m a teacher. →We are teachers.Is she your sister? →Are they your sisters?1. (that) are my grandparents.2. (be) Cindy your aunt, Tony?3. (his) is my brother. His name is Bob.4. --- Are these your (picture)?--- Yes. They are very beautiful.5. This is my aunt. (she) last name is Green.答案:1. Those2. Is3. He4. pictures5. Her2. your, who, is, friend, good4. happy, I, a, have, family5. photo, the, is, in, first, Paul1. Is that your uncle2. Who is your good friend3. She is my cousin4. I have a happy family5. Paul is in the first photo1. she’s(完全形式)_________ 2. his(主格) ____________3. son(对应词)____________ 4. she(形容词性物主代词)__________5. this(复数)______________ 6. those(单数) ____________7. that is(缩写形式)________ 8.am(复数) ____________9. father(对应词)__________ 10. photo(复数)____________1. she is2. he3. daughter7. that’s 8. are9. mother将be动词提到句首,首字母大写,句末用问号,句子就变成了一般疑问句。如果原来句中的主语是I,变为一般疑问句要改为you;原来句中有形容词性物主代词my,变为一般疑问句时要改为your。I am Zhang Yang. → Are you Zhang Yang?That is my bike. → Is that your bike?2. 含有be动词的一般疑问句的肯定回答和否定回答肯定回答:Yes, 主语+be(am, is, are).否定回答:No, 主语+be(am, is, are)not.3. Is this/that…?结构的一般疑问句的答语要用Yes, it is.或No, it isn't.而不用Yes, this/that is.或No, this/that isn't。另外,Are these/those …? 结构的一般疑问句的答语要用Yes, they are.或No, they aren't.而不用Yes, these/those are.或No, these/those aren't.—Yes, it is./No, it isn't. —Are those his dictionaries?—Yes, they are./No, they aren't.1. These books are his. (改为一般疑问句)2. This is my pencil box. (改为否定句)3. Is this your eraser? (作否定回答)4. That is her pen. (改为同义句)5. Those are Helen's rulers. (对划线部分提问)1. 英语中的物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,其中名词性物主代词起名词的作用。2. 名词性物主代词在句中独立使用,其后不接名词;名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。Look at the two pencils. The blue one is yours and the green one is mine.3. 名词性物主代词用作主语时,谓语动词的数应随所指者的数而定。 —Is this ruler yours or hers? —It’s mine. Hers is in her bag.(Hers=her ruler) —They are his. Yours are over there.(Yours=Your books)1. Paul’s jacket is black. What about ________ (you)?2. —Is that ________ (she) pencil box? —Yes, it’s ________ (her).3. ________ (he) name is Dale. ________ (he) is a teacher.4. —Is this ________ (you) dog?—No, ________ (my) is white.5. —Are these ________ (you) pens?—Yes, they are ________ (ours) books.The girl in red is Kate.穿着红衣服的女孩是凯特。I get up at six in the morning.我早上六点钟起床。I was born in Beijing, in 2001. 我出生在2001年出生在北京。2.On the tree 和 in the tree的区别on the tree “长”在树上 in the tree “挂”在树上 across: “从表面上”穿过;横穿 through: “从内部(空间)”穿过 go through the forest 穿过森林 go across the street 穿过马路1. Who are the two girls the photo?2. Mr. Green is a teacher mine. He is my favorite teacher.3. You can call me 437-6816.4. --- Where is my dog? I can't find it.--- Haha, it's the bookcase.5. Look at the picture the wall! Is it yours?答案:1. in2. of3. at4. under5. on | | | | | | | 在清辅音后读/s/;在浊辅音和元音后读/z/;在/s/,/z/,/ʃ/,/tʃ/,/dʒ/等后读 /iz/ | | | | | | strawberry -- strawberries | | 少数不规则:man-- men; woman-- women child -- children foot--feet tooth -- teeth | 以-f,-fe结尾的名词将-f,-fe改为-v在加-es。 -ves读作/-vz/、 | | 以辅音加o结尾的名词(多数情况下)加-es, 以元音字母加o结尾的名词或外来词,一般加-s。-es / -s读作/-z/。 | | | A man doctor -- men doctorsa woman teacher -- women teachers | 1. Are the books on the desk yours? (作否定回答)2. Where is your schoolbag? (补全答语)3. A key is on the table. (改为复数句)4. His pencil box is in the bag. (改为一般疑问句)5. Jack's map is in his room. (对划线部分提问)1. No, aren't2. It is3. keys are4. Is his5. Where is肯定句:I (You / We / They )+have +n. He( She / it ) + has + n. | 一般疑问句:Do+ you / they +have +n.?肯定回答:Yes, I (we / they)do.否定回答:No, I (we / they)don’t.一般疑问句:Does+ he( she / it ) +have +n.?肯定回答:Yes, he( she / it )does.否定回答:No, he( she / it )doesn’t. | 否定句:I (You / We / They )+don’t +have +n. He( She / It ) + don’t +have +n. | 特殊疑问句式:What do you / they have? 回答 : I / They have ...... What does he( she / it ) have? 回答 :He( She / it ) + has ...... | 1. Bill’ s father _ (have) two telephone numbers.2. —Does Tom ______ a brother? —No, he ______.A. have; doesn’ t B. have; hasn’ t C. has; doesn’ t D. has; hasn’ t3.I have a blue hat. (改为一般疑问句) 4. Linda has an eraser. (改为一般疑问句) 5. Bill has a brother. (改为否定句) 6. Does your father have a baseball? (作肯定回答) 7. He has a nice pen. (改为复数句) Does Linda have an eraser? Bill doesn’t have a brother.功能:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。 | | 主语 + 动词原形+其他. 如:I like sports. | | 主语 +don’t +动词原形+其他. 如: I don’t like sports | | Do + 主语 + 动词原形+其他. 如: Do you like sports? | | | 主语 + 动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他. 如:He likes sports. | | 主语 +doesn’t +动词原形+其他 . 如: He doesn’t like sports | | Does + 主语 + 动词原形+其他 ? 如: Does he like sports? | 1. I like to play with my friends. (改为一般疑问句) 2. John has a ping-pong bat. (改为一般疑问句)3. Do they have soccer balls? (作肯定回答) 4. Does Mike like these jackets? (补全答语)5. Volleyball is difficult for me. (改为同义句) Do you like to play with your friends? Does John have a ping-pong bat? Volleyball isn’t easy for me. 文章来源:网络。本文版权归原创作者所有。
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