2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题（三）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthisp
art,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourca
mpusnewspaperonavolunteeractivityorganizedbyyourStudent
Uniontoassistelderlypeopleintheneighborhood.Youshouldwr
iteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartⅡListening
Comprehension(25minutes)特别说明：由于四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选
项顺序不同，故不再重复给出。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADir
ections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.You
arerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofch
oicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassag
ethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinth
ebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingl
etterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough
thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmoretha
nonce.Shipsareoftensunkinordertocreateunderwaterreefs(
暗礁)perfectforscubadiving(水肺式潜泳)andpreservingmarine26.
Turkishauthoritieshavejustsunksomethingalittledifferentt
hanaship,anditwouldn’tnormallyevertouchwater,anAirbus
A300.Thehollowed-outA300was27ofeverythingpotentiallyharmf
ultotheenvironmentandsunkofftheAegeancoasttoday.Notonl
ywillthesunkenplane28theperfectskeletonforartificialr
eefgrowth,butauthoritieshopethisnewunderwaterattractionwi
llbringtouriststothearea.Theplane29atotallengthof54
meters,whereexperiencedscubadiverswill30beabletoven
turethroughthecabinandaroundtheplane’s31.Aydin
Municipalityboughttheplanefromaprivatecompanyforjustund
erUS$100,000,buttheyhopetoseeareturnonthat32through
thetourismindustry.TourismthroughoutTurkeyisexpectedtof
allthisyearasthecountryhasbeenthe33ofseveraldeadlyt
erroristattacks.Asfarassunkenplanesgo,thisAirbusA300is
thelargest34sunkaircraftever.Takingatripunderwaterand
35theinsideofasunkenA300wouldbequiteanadventure,andt
hatisexactlywhatTurkishauthoritiesarehopingthisattractio
nwillmakepeoplethink.Drawinginadventureseekersandexperi
enceddivers,thisnewartificialAirbusreefwillbeascubadiv
er’sparadise(天堂).H)innovateO)victimG)habitatsN)territoryF)
exteriorM)strippedE)exploringL)stretchesD)experiencesK)revea
lingC)eventuallyJ)investmentB)depressedI)intentionallyA)crea
teSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadap
assagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontain
sinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagr
aphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparag
raphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answ
erthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSh
eet2.MakeStuff,Fail,AndLearnWhileYou’reAtItWe’vealways
beenahands-on,do-it-yourselfkindofnation.BenFranklin,one
ofAmerica’sfoundingfathers,didn’tjustinventthelightning
rod.Hiscreationsincludeglasses,innovativestovesandmore.Fr
anklin,whowaslargelyself-taught,mayhavebeenagenius,but
hewasn’treallyanexceptionwhenitcomestoAmericanmakingan
dcreativity.Thepersonalcomputingrevolutionandphilosophyof
disruptiveinnovationofSiliconValleygrew,inpart,outofthe
creationsoftheHomebrewComputerClub,whichwasfoundedina
garageinMenloPark,California,inthemid-1970s.Members–inc
ludingguysnamedJobsandWozniak–startedmakingandinventing
thingstheycouldn’tbuy.Soit’snosurprisethattheMakerMove
menttodayisthrivingincommunitiesandsomeschoolsacrossAme
rica.Makingisavailabletoordinarypeoplewhoaren’ttiedtob
igcompanies,bigdefenselabsorresearchuniversities.Themake
rphilosophyechoesoldideasadvocatedbyJohnDewey,Montessori
,andevenancientGreekphilosophers,aswepointedoutrecently
.Thesemakerspacesareoftenoutsideofclassrooms,andareserv
inganimportanteducationalfunction.TheMakerMovementisredi
scoveringlearningbydoing,whichisJohnDewey’sphrasefrom10
0yearsago.WearerediscoveringDeweyandMontessoriandalot
ofthepracticesthattheypioneeredthathavebeenforgottenor
atleastputaside.Amakerspaceisaplacewhichcanbeinasc
hool,butitdoesn’tlooklikeaclassroom.Itcanbeinalibrar
y.Itcanbeoutinthecommunity.Ithastoolsandmaterials.It
’saplacewhereyougettomakethingsbasedonyourinterestan
dbasedonwhatyou’relearningtodo.Ideasaboutlearningbydoi
nghavestruggledtobecomemainstreameducationally,despitebei
ngoldconceptsfromDeweyandMontessori,PlatoandAristotle,a
ndintheAmericancontext,RalphEmerson,onthevalueofexperi
enceandself-reliance.It’snotnecessarilyanefficientwayto
learn.Welearn,inasense,bytrialanderror.Learningfromex
perienceissomethingthattakestimeandpatience.It’sveryind
ividualized.Ifyourgoalistohavestandardizedapproachestol
earning,whereeverybodylearnsthesamethingatthesametime
inthesameway,thenlearningbydoingdoesn’treallyfitthatm
oldanymore.It’snottheworldoftextbooks.It’snottheworld
oftesting.Learningbydoingmaynotbeefficient,butitiseffe
ctive.Project-basedlearninghasgrowninpopularitywithteache
rsandadministrators.However,project-basedlearningisnotmak
ing.Althoughthere’saconnection,thereisalsoadistinction.
Thedifferenceliesinwhethertheprojectisinasensedefined
anddevelopedbythestudentorwhetherit’sassignedbyateache
r.We’llallgetthekidstobuildasmallboat.Weareallgoing
tolearnaboutX,Y,andZ.Thattendstobeoneformofproject
-basedlearning.Ireallybelievethecoreideaofmakingistoha
veanideawithinyourhead–oryoujustborrowitfromsomeone
–andbegintodevelopit,repeatitandimproveit.Then,realiz
ethatideasomehow.Thatthingthatyoumakeisvaluabletoyou
andyoucanshareitwithothers.I’minterestedinhowthesethi
ngsareexpressionsofthatperson,theirideas,andtheirintera
ctionswiththeworld.Insomeways,alotofformsofmakingins
chooltrivialize(使变得无足轻重)making.Thethingthatyoumakehasno
valuetoyou.Onceyouaredonedemonstratingwhateverconceptw
asinthetextbook,youthrowawaythepipecleaners,thestraws,
thecardboardtubes.Makingshouldbestudent-directedandstuden
t-led,otherwiseit’sboring.Itdoesn’thavethemotivationoft
hestudent.I’mnotsayingthatstudentsshouldnotlearnconcept
sornotlearnskills.Theydo.Buttoreallyharnesstheirmotiv
ationistobuildupontheirinterest.It’stoletthembeincon
trolandtodrivethecar.Teachersshouldaimtobuildasupporti
ve,creativeenvironmentforstudentstodothiswork.Averysoc
ialenvironment,wheretheyarelearningfromeachother.Whenth
eyhaveaproblem,itisn’ttheteachernecessarilycominginto
solveit.Theyareresponsibleforworkingthroughthatproblem.
Itmightbetheyhavetotalktootherstudentsintheclasstoh
elpgetananswer.Theteacher’sroleismoreofacoachorobserv
er.Sometimes,topeople,itsoundslikethisisadiminishedrol
eforteachers.Ithinkit’saheightenedrole.You’recreatingt
hisenvironment,likeamakerspace.Youhave20kidsdoingdiffe
rentthings.Youarewatchingthemandreallyit’sthehumanbeha
viorsyou’relookingat.Aretheyengaged?Aretheydevelopingan
drepeatingtheirproject?Aretheystumbling(受挫)?Dotheyneed
somethingthattheydon’thave?Canyouhelpthembeawareofwhe
retheyare?Mybeliefisthatthegoalofmakingisnottogetev
erykidtobehands-on,butitenablesustobegoodlearners.It
’snottheknowledgethatisvaluable,it’sthepracticeoflearn
ingnewthingsandunderstandinghowthingswork.Theseareproce
ssesthatyouaredevelopingsothatyouareable,overtime,to
tacklemoreinterestingproblems,morechallengingproblems–pro
blemsthatrequiremanypeopleinsteadofonepersonandmanyski
llsinsteadofone.Ifteacherskeepitform-freeandstudent-led,
itcanstillbetiedtoacurriculumandaneducationalplan.I
thinkamakerspaceismorelikealibraryinthattherearemult
iplesubjectsandmultiplethingsthatyoucanlearn.Whatseems
tobemissinginschoolishowdothesesubjectsintegrate,howt
heyfittogetherinanymeaningfulway.Ratherthansaying,“This
isscience,overhereishistory,”Iseeschoolstakingthiside
aofprojectsandlookingat:Howdotheysupportchildreninah
igherlevellearning?Ifeellikethisisashiftawayfromsubjec
tmatter-basedcurriculumtoamoreexperientialcurriculumorle
arning.It’sstillinitsearlystages,butIthinkit’sshifting
aroundnotwhatkidslearnbuthowtheylearn.Amakerspaceisw
herepeoplemakethingsaccordingtotheirpersonalinterests.The
teachers’roleisenhancedinamakerspaceastheyhavetomoni
torandfacilitateduringtheprocess.Comingupwithanideaofo
ne’sownorimprovingonefromothersiskeytotheconceptofma
king.Contrarytostructuredlearning,learningbydoingishighly
individualized.Americaisanationknownfortheideaofmaking
thingsbyoneself.Makingwillbeboringunlessstudentsareable
totakecharge.Makingcanberelatedtoaproject,butitiscrea
tedandcarriedoutbystudentsthemselves.Theauthorsuggestsin
corporatingtheideaofamakerspaceintoaschoolcurriculum.Th
emakerconceptisamodernversionofsomeancientphilosophical
ideas.Makingisnottakenseriouslyinschoolwhenstudentsare
askedtomakesomethingmeaninglesstothembasedontextbooks.Se
ctionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpas
sageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.For
eachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You
shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondinglett
eronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passag
eOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mostk
idsgrowuplearningtheycannotdrawonthewalls.Butitmight
betimetounlearnthattraining–thissummer,groupofculture
addicts,artistsandcommunityorganizersareinvitingNewYorker
stowritealloverthewallsofanoldhouseonGovernor’sIslan
d.TheprojectiscalledWritingOnItAll,andit’saparticipato
rywritingprojectandartisticexperimentthathashappenedonG
overnor’sIslandeverysummersince2013.“Mostoftheparticipant
sarepeoplewhoarejustwalkingbyorareontheislandforoth
erreasons,ortheyjustkindofhappentobethere,”AlexandraC
hasin,artisticdirectorofWritingOnItAll,tellsSmithsonian.
com.The2016seasonrunsthroughJune26andfeaturessessionsfa
cilitatedbyeveryonefromdancerstodomesticworkers.Eachsess
ionhasatheme,andparticipantsaregivenavarietyofmaterial
sandpromptsandaskedtocoversurfaceswiththeirthoughtsand
art.Thisyear,theprogramsrangefromonethatturnsthehouse
intoacollaborativeessaytoonethatexploresthemeaningofe
xile.Governor’sIslandisanationalhistoriclandmarkdistrictl
ongusedformilitarypurposes.Nowknownas“NewYork’sshareds
paceforartandplay,”theisland,whichliesbetweenManhattan
andBrooklyninUpperNewYorkBay,isclosedtocarsbutopento
summertouristswhoflockforfestivals,picnics,adventures,as
wellasthese“legalgraffiti(涂鸦)”sessions.Thenotesandarts
cribbled(涂画)onthewallsareanexperimentinself-expressio
n.Sofar,participantshaverangedinagefrom2to85.ThoughC
hasinsaysthefocusoftheworkisontheactivityofwriting,r
atherthanthetextthatendsupgettingwritten,someofthewor
kthatcomesoutofthesessionshasstuckwithher.“Oneofthese
ssionsthatmovedmethemostwasstateviolenceonblackwomena
ndblackgirls,”saysChasin,explainingthatinoneroom,people
wrotedownthenamesofthosekilledbecauseofit.“Peopledob
eautifulworkandleavebeautifulmessages.”Whatdoestheproject
WritingOnItAllinvitepeopletodo?Unlearntheirtrainingin
drawing.C)Coverthewallsofanoldhousewithgraffiti.Particip
ateinastategraffitishow.D)Exhibittheirartisticcreations
inanoldhouse.Whatdowelearnabouttheparticipantsinthepr
oject?Theyarejustcultureaddicts.C)Theyarewritersandartis
ts.Theyaregraffitienthusiasts.D)Theyaremostlypassers-by.Wh
atdidtheprojectparticipantsdoduringthe2016season?Theywe
refreetoscribbleonthewallswhatevercametotheirmind.They
expressedtheirthoughtsingraffitionthethemeofeachsessio
n.Theylearnedthetechniquesofcollaborativewriting.Theywere
requiredtocooperatewithothercreators.WhatkindofplaceisG
overnor’sIsland?Itisahistoricsitethatattractstouristsand
artists.Itisanareanowaccessibleonlytotouristvehicles.It
isaplaceinUpperNewYorkBayformerlyusedforexiles.Itis
anopenareafortouriststoenjoythemselvesyearround.Whatdoe
sChasinsayabouttheproject?Itjustfocusedonthesufferings
ofblackfemales.Ithelpedexpandtheinfluenceofgraffitiart.I
thasstartedthecareerofmanycreativeartists.Ithascreated
somemeaningfulartisticworks.PassageTwoQuestions51to55are
basedonthefollowingpassage.Onlineprogramstofightdepressio
narealreadycommerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficient
andcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffecti
ve,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengage
withthemorstickwiththem.Thestudylookedatcomputer-assist
edcognitive(认知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatitwas
nomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepat
ientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.TraditionalCBTisconsi
deredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingp
eoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinki
nordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTp
rogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprov
idinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.At
eamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandom
ized(随机的)controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83phys
icianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothre
egroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhi
letheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplus
oneoftwocomputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalanced
acrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,se
verityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑
郁药).Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTpr
ogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatients
whowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.“It’sanimpo
rtant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywit
htheideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapi
sts,”saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalca
reattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Wedostillneedthehumanto
uchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepres
sed.”Beingdepressedcanmeanfeeling“lostinyourownsmall,ne
gative,darkworld,”Dowricksays.Havingaperson,insteadofa
computer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantincombating
thatsenseofisolation.“Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you
’reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing,”hesays.Whatdoe
stherecentstudysayaboutonlineCBTprograms?Patientsmaynot
beabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.Patientscannot
engagewiththemwithouttheuseofacomputer.Theycansavepat
ientstroublevisitingphysicians.Theyhavebeenwellreceivedby
alotofpatients.WhathasmadeonlineCBTprogramsincreasingly
popular?Theireffectivenessincombatingdepression.Theloweffi
ciencyoftraditionaltalktherapy.Theireasyandinexpensiveacc
essbypatients.Therecommendationbyprimarycaredoctors.Whati
sthemajorfindingbyresearchersattheUniversityofYork?Onli
neCBTprogramsarenomoreeffectivethanregularcarefromphys
icians.Theprocessoftreatingdepressionisoftenmorecomplicat
edthananticipated.ThecombinationoftraditionalCBTandcomput
erizedCBTismosteffective.Depressionisamentalconditionwhi
chistobetreatedwithextremecaution.WhatisProfessorDowric
k’sadviceconcerningonlineCBTprograms?Theyshouldnotbenegl
ectedinprimarycare.Theireffectivenessshouldnotbeoverestim
ated.Theyshouldbeusedbystrictlyfollowinginstructions.Their
useshouldbeencouragedbydoctorsandtherapists.Whatismore
importanttoanemotionallyvulnerableperson?Apositivestateof
mind.Appropriatemedication.Timelyencouragement.Humaninteracti
on.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youar
eallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEng
lish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种
独特形式，已有2000多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具都很
简单：纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装
饰的首选。2019年6月大学英语四级考试真题（三）PartIWriting(30minutes)【高分范文】Splend
oroflove:Avolunteeractivityconductedtoassistelderlypeop
leAvolunteeractivityofassistingelderlypeopleintheneighbo
rhoodwasheldbythestudentunionlastweek,targetingatawid
epropagationanddesirablepracticeofpietyvalue.Twenty-five
studentsintotalparticipated,anditwassignificantlysuccessf
ul.Harboringthenotionthatrespectingandcaringfortheelderl
ypeopleisadecenttraditionofChineseculture,thisactivity
wasproposedonemonthagoandratifiedbyMr.Lee,theleaderof
studentactivitydepartment.IntheafternoonofJune8th,thev
olunteergrouparrivedatthegerocomium,andaround14:00,thea
ctivitycommencedwithachorusprogram,followedbysanitaryservicesandgardening.What’smore,thevolunteergroupsenttheoldshandmadepostcardsthatrepresentedtheirsincerebenediction.Gleefullyandsmoothly,thevisitcametoanendat18:30.Thankstothismeaningfulvolunteerservice,studentsnotonlyaccumulatedsocialexperienceandrealizedhowessentialassistingelderswas,butfeltitstrikingachordthattheyshouldtakethesocialresponsibilityintheyearstocome.PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)特别说明：由于四级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，故不再重复给出。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA【参考答案】GMALCFJOIESectionB【参考答案】ELHFAJGNDISectionC【参考答案】CDBADACABDPartⅣTranslation(30minutes)【高分译文】AsauniqueformofChinesefolkart,papercuttinghasahistorythatstretchesback2,000years.PapercuttingprobablyoriginatedintheHanDynasty(206BC–220AD),followingtheinventionofpaper.Sincethen,thisartformhasspreadtomanypartsofChina.Ittakesmerelypaperandscissorstodopapercutting.Papercutworkstypicallycomeinred,asthiscolorisassociatedwithhappinessintraditionalChineseculture.Assuch,redpapercutworksarethefirstchoicetodecoratedoorsandwindowsduringweddings,theChineseNewYear,andotherjoyousoccasions.1/210/101/10 |
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