Word element | meaning | terminologies | -lepsy | Seizure癫痫 | Epilepsy癫痫 Narcolepsy发作性睡病 | Idio- | 自发，特异 | Idiopathic 特发性的 | Crypto- | 隐藏，隐窝 | Cryptogenic隐源性的 | Pseudo- | 假，伪，拟 | Pseudoepileptic seizure 假性癫痫发作 |
参考：《医学英语词汇学习手册》（第2版） 主编：郭莉萍 中国协和医科大学出版社 Epilepsy is a group of neurological diseases characterized by epileptic seizures.Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable to long periods of vigorous shaking. These episodes can result in physical injuries including occasionally broken bones.In epilepsy, seizures tend to recur, and have no immediate underlying cause. Isolated seizures that are provoked by a specific cause such as poisoning are not deemed to represent epilepsy. People with epilepsy in some areas of the world experience stigma due to the condition. The cause of most cases of epilepsy is unknown, although some people develop epilepsy as the result of brain injury, stroke, brain tumors, infections of the brain, and birth defects. Known genetic mutations are directly linked to a small proportion of cases. Epileptic seizures are the result of excessive and abnormal nerve cell activity in the cortex of the brain. The diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions that might cause similar symptoms such as fainting and determining if another cause of seizures is present such as alcohol withdrawal or electrolyte problems. This may be partly done by imaging the brain and performing blood tests. Epilepsy can often be confirmed with anelectroencephalogram (EEG), but a normal test does not rule out the condition. Epilepsy that occurs as a result of other issues may be preventable.] Seizures are controllable with medication in about 70% of cases. Inexpensive options are often available. In those whose seizures do not respond to medication, then surgery, neurostimulation, or dietary changes may be considered.Not all cases of epilepsy are lifelong, and many people improve to the point that treatment is no longer needed. Symptomatic epilepsy 症状性癫痫 Idiopathic epilepsy 特发性癫痫 Cryptogenic epilepsy 隐源性癫痫 Partial seizure 部分性发作 Generalized seizure 全面性发作 Generalized tonic-clonic seizure 全面强直阵挛发作 Absence seizure 失神性发作 Grand mal 癫痫大发作 Petit mal 癫痫小发作 Status epilepticus 癫痫持续状态 Intractable epilepsy 难治性癫痫
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