 中英双字幕(选中以下链接,搜索之后即可查看) https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1HL41157et/ 机器翻译字幕，仅供参考： the cervical spine has the important job 颈椎的重要作用 of supporting the skull and allowing us 是支撑头骨并允许 to move our head to direct our vision 我们移动头部以引导我们的 the cervical spine also protects the 视线 颈椎还保护 spinal cord the connection between our 脊髓 我们的 brain and the rest of our body（我们身体的其他部分） 大脑与身体其他部位之间的连接 two common anatomic terms are useful as 两个常见的解剖学术语很有用，因为 they relate to the cervical spine 它们相互关联 对于 the term anterior refers to the front of 颈椎，术语前部指 the neck 的是颈部 the term posterior refers to the back of 的前部 术语后部指的 the neck 是颈部 the human spine is made up of 24 spinal 的后部 人体脊柱由 24 块 bones called vertebra vertebra are 称为椎骨的脊椎骨组成，它们 stacked on top of one another to form 彼此堆叠在一起 the spinal column （ /ˈkɑːləm/n. 圆柱，）the spinal column is 形成脊柱 脊柱 the body's main upright support seven 是身体的主要直立支撑 七块 vertebra make up the cervical spine 椎骨组成颈椎， often referred to as C 1 to C 7 the top 通常称为 C 1 到 C 7 顶部 vertebra c1 connects to the bottom of 椎骨 c1 连接到 the skull the cervical spine curves 颅骨底部 颈椎 slightly inward and ends where c7 joins 略微向内弯曲，并在 c7 the top of the thoracic spine the base 连接顶部的位置结束 胸椎 头骨的底部 of the skull sits on top of c1 also 位于 c1 的顶部，也 called the atlas two thick bony arches 称为图谱 两个厚骨弓 form a large hole through the center of 形成一个穿过图谱中心的大孔 the atlas （ /ˈætləs/n. 地图册；第一颈椎，寰椎）this opening is large because 寰椎 这个开口很大是因为 the spinal cord is wider where at first 脊髓在最初 exits the brain and skull the atlas has 离开大脑和头骨的地方更宽 寰椎 two relatively large bony projections on 在每一侧都有两个相对较大的骨突起 each side the atlas sits on top of the 寰 c2 vertebra also called the axis the 椎位于 c2 椎骨的顶部，也称为枢椎 axis has a large bony knob on top called 轴在顶部有一个大的骨节， the dens（齿状突） the dens points up and fits 称为 dens dens 指向并 through a hole in the atlas this 穿过图谱中的一个孔 specialized connection between the axis 轴和图谱之间的这种特殊连接 and the atlas gives the neck most of its 使颈部具有大部分 ability to turn to the left and right 向左和向右转动的能力 each vertebra throughout the spine is 整个脊柱的每个椎骨 made of the same parts the main section 由相同的部分 of each cervical vertebra from c2 to c7 组成 每个主要部分 从 c2 到 c7 的颈椎 is formed by round block of bone called 由称为椎体的圆形骨块形成 the vertebral body a bone ring attaches 一个骨环连接 to the back of the vertebral body this 到椎体的后部 这个 ring is formed by two pedicles （椎弓根）that 环由 connect to the back of the vertebral 连接到椎体后部和 body and to lamina（/ˈlæmənə/）that join the 连接椎体的椎板的两个椎弓根形成 pedicles to complete the ring when the 当椎骨相互堆叠时，椎弓根完成环 vertebra are stacked on top of each other the bone rings form a hollow tube 骨环形成一个围绕脊髓的空心管 that surrounds the spinal cord the ， inside of this hollow tube is called the 这个空心管的内部称为 spinal canal the bone rings provide a 椎管 骨环为 protective roof over the spinal cord 脊髓提供了一个保护顶 一个 a bony nob projects posterior lis at the 骨节 same point where the two lamina Bones 在两个椎板的同一点突出 joined together at the back of the spine 了后部 骨骼在脊柱后部连接在一起 these projections called spinous processes can be felt as you rub your 当你上下摩擦手指时可以感觉到这些被称为棘突的突出物 fingers up and down the back of your 脊柱后部 spine each vertebra in the spine has two 脊柱中的每个椎骨都有两个 bony knobs that point out to the side 骨节，分别指向一侧， one on the left and one on the right 一个在左侧，一个在右侧， these bony projections are called 这些骨突出被称为 transverse processes 横突 unlike the rest of the spine the ，与脊柱的其余部分不同 cervical vertebra have an opening that 颈椎有一个开口可以 passes down through each transverse 通过 通过每个横突， process this opening called the 这个称为 transverse foramen（/fəˈreɪmən/） provides a passageway 横突孔的开口 for arteries that run up each side of 为沿着颈部两侧向上延伸的动脉 the neck to supply the back of the brain 提供了通道，为大脑后部 with blood 提供 between each pair of vertebra our two 每对椎骨之间的血液 我们的两个 joints call facet joints （小关节 面关节）the surface of 关节称为小关节 小关节的 the facet joint is covered by articular 表面 被关节 cartilage articular cartilage is a 软骨覆盖 关节软骨是一种 smooth rubbery material that covers the 光滑的橡胶材料，覆盖 ends of most joints it allows the ends 大多数关节的末端，它允许 of the bones to move against each other 博的末端 nes smoothly with minimal friction these 以最小的摩擦力平稳地相互移动 这些 joints connect the vertebra together and 关节将椎骨连接在一起并 slide against one another to allow the 相互滑动，以允许 neck to move in many directions except 颈部向多个方向移动，除了 for the very top of the cervical spine 颈椎的最顶部 each cervical vertebra has two facet 每个颈椎 joints on each side the facet joints on 在每一侧都有两个小关节 top connected the vertebra above the 顶部的 ones below join the vertebra below when 小关节连接下面的椎骨 the vertebra stack on top of one another 当椎骨相互堆叠时，连接下面的椎骨 an opening is formed on each side of the 在脊柱的每一侧形成一个开口， spine called a neuro foramen a nerve 称为神经孔 神经 nerve root leaves the spinal cord through this 神经根通过这个开口离开脊髓 opening one on the left and one on the 左侧和 right the spinal cord travels through 右侧一个 脊髓 the spinal canal the hollow tube of bone 穿过椎管 created by the stacked vertebra the 由堆叠的椎骨形成的中空骨管 spinal cord is made up of millions of 脊髓由数百万条 nerve fibers two large nerves called 神经纤维组成 两条称为 nerve roots branch off the spinal cord 神经根的大神经 at each level where two vertebra come 在每一层从脊髓分出 两个椎骨 together one on the left and one on the 汇合在一起，一个在左边，一个在 right these nerve roots branch into the 右边，这些神经根分支成 nerves that travel into the upper 神经，进入 extremities upper body and to certain 上肢upp 身体和某些 organs ligaments are strong connective 器官 韧带是强大的 tissues that attach bones to other bones 结缔组织，将骨骼连接到其他骨骼 several long ligaments connect on the 几条长韧带连接在 front and back sections of the vertebra 椎骨的前部和后部 the anterior longitudinal ligament runs 前纵韧带 lengthwise down the front of the 沿椎体前部纵向向下延伸 后纵韧带连接在椎骨的前部和 vertebral bodies the posterior 后部 longitudinal ligament attaches on the back of the vertebral bodies the 椎体后部 ligamentum flavum is a long elastic band 黄韧带是一条长弹性带 that connects to the front surface of ，连接到每个椎板的前表面 each of the lamina bones each set of 每组 Fassett joints is also surrounded by a Fassett 关节也被一个 joint capsule that is made up of 关节囊包围，该关节囊由 ligaments 韧带组成 a special structure in the spine called 脊柱中的一种特殊结构，称为 an intervertebral disk sits between each 椎间盘位于每 pair of vertebra an intervertebral disc 对椎骨之间 is made of two parts in the center of 椎间盘由两部分组成， each intervertebral disc is a spongy（ /ˈspʌndʒi/） 每个椎间盘的中心是一种 material called the nucleus pulposus the 称为髓核的海绵状材料 髓核 nucleus pulposus provides most of the shock absorption in the spine the 在脊柱中提供大部分减震 nucleus is surrounded by the annulus（/ˈænjʊləs/n. 环，环形物） a 髓核被椎间盘包围 环 series of strong ligamentous rings that 一系列坚固的韧带环， attach to the vertebra above and below 附着在上面的椎骨和 the intervertebral discs the anterior 在椎间盘下方， cervical area is covered with muscles 颈前区覆盖着 that run from the rib cage and 从 collarbone to the cervical vertebra jaw 胸腔和锁骨到颈椎颌骨 and skull the posterior cervical muscles 和颅骨的肌肉，颈后肌肉 cover the bones along the back of the 覆盖沿脊柱后部的骨骼，构成了 spine and make up the bulk （ /bʌlk/n. 主体，大部分）of the 颈椎上的大部分 tissues on the back of the neck a good 组织 颈后 way to understand the anatomy of the 了解颈椎解剖结构的一个好方法 cervical spine is by looking at a single 是观察单个 spinal segment a spinal segment includes 脊柱节段 一个脊柱节段包括 two vertebra separated by an 由椎间盘隔开的两个椎骨 intervertebral disc the nerves that leave the spinal cord between each pair 在每 of vertebra and the small facet joints 对椎骨和小关节面之间离开脊髓的神经 that link each level of the spinal 连接脊柱每一层的关节 column the intervertebral disc separates 椎间盘 the two vertebral bodies of the spinal 将脊柱 segment the facet joints and 节段的两个椎体分开 小关节和 intervertebral discs work together to 椎间盘共同作用以 allow bending and rotating of the 允许颈椎弯曲和旋转 cervical spine the facet joints slide 小关节滑动， while the disc works like a flexible 而椎间盘像柔性 connection between the two vertebra 连接一样工作 在两个椎骨之间 it is probably quite clear that the 很可能很清楚 cervical spine is a complex machine with 颈椎是一个复杂的机器 an important job to do understanding the 了解颈椎的结构和功能是一项重要的工作， structure and function of the cervical spine can help you better understand how 可以帮助您更好地了解 problems in the neck can cause pain and 颈部问题如何导致疼痛和 dysfunction enabling you to become more 功能障碍，使您能够更多地 involved in your healthcare and better 参与医疗保健并 able to care for your neck problem 更好地护理颈部问题
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