本文刊登于《中国实用妇科与产科杂志》2022,38(7):714-725 DOI:10.19538/j.fk2022070111 【引用本文】中国妇幼保健协会,中国医药教育协会围产医学教育专业委员会.产前和产时电子胎心监护临床实践专家共识[J].中国实用妇科与产科杂志,2022,38(7):714-725. ![]() ![]() 作者:中国妇幼保健协会 中国医药教育协会围产医学教育专业委员会 基金项目:深圳市“医疗卫生三名工程”项目(SZSM201812078) 指导单位:深圳市卫生健康能力建设和继续教育中心 深圳市胎儿监护培训基地 通讯作者:郭晓辉,深圳市人民医院,广东 深圳,电子信箱:2285902525@qq.com;陈敦金,广州医科大学附属第三医院,广东 广州 510150,电子信箱:gzdrchen@gzhmu.edu.cn;漆洪波,重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院/重庆市妇幼保健院,重庆 401147,电子信箱:qihongbo728@163.com 执笔专家:郭晓辉(深圳市人民医院);陈敦金(广州医科大学附属第三医院);漆洪波(重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院/重庆市妇幼保健院) 参与共识讨论专家(以姓氏拼音顺序排列):陈敦金(广州医科大学附属第三医院);丁依玲(中南大学湘雅二医院);范建霞(上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院);樊尚荣(北京大学深圳医院);郭晓辉(深圳市人民医院);甘玉杰(中山市妇幼保健院);龚护民(海南省人民医院);何荣霞(兰州大学第二医院);罗丹(成都妇女儿童中心医院);漆洪波(重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院/重庆市妇幼保健院);孙晓彤(甘肃省人民医院);沙文琼(深圳市人民医院);王志坚(南方医科大学南方医院);杨孜(北京大学第三医院);叶秀峰(深圳市人民医院);赵先兰(郑州大学第一附属医院);邹丽(华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院) 秘书:石苇(深圳市人民医院);周翠香(深圳市人民医院);李朝曦(深圳市人民医院) ![]() 电子胎心监护(electronic fetal monitoring,EFM)又称之为胎心分娩力描记法(cardiotocography,CTG),通过连续监测胎心率以及宫缩的变化对胎儿宫内状态进行评估和监测。正确解读CTG图形对及时发现胎儿缺氧、预防死胎、减少新生儿缺氧和惊厥、减少新生儿酸中毒、防治脑性瘫痪的发生非常重要;另一方面,需要强调避免过度医疗干预。目前,基于CTG已广泛应用于各级助产医疗机构,有必要对产前和产时电子胎心监护临床实践制定规范及准则。为此,中国妇幼保健协会、中国医药教育协会围产医学教育专业委员会组织专家通过充分讨论达成本共识。旨在促进和提高产前和产时电子胎心监护质量,保障母儿安全。 ![]() 1 专家共识制定程序 ![]() 1.1 目标读者 使用电子胎心监护的专业人士,主要是产科医师、助产士及专职胎心监护医务人员。 1.2 撰写方法 参照国内外权威指南的建议,包括电子胎心监护应用专家共识(2015,中国)及美国国家儿童保健和人类发育研究所(National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,NICHD)、美国妇产科医师学会(American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,ACOG)、加拿大妇产科学会(The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada,SOCG)、英国国家健康与临床优化研究所(National Institute of Health and Care Excellence,NICE)、国际妇产科联盟(The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics ,FIGO)等机构发布的指南或专家共识,并参考了现有的临床研究数据。 1.3 撰写目的 旨在指导全国妇产科医生、助产士和专职胎心监护人员规范应用CTG。 ![]() 2 CTG临床应用热点问题及推荐意见 ![]() 2.1 如何选择和设置电子胎心监护 2.2 如何获得稳定可靠的CTG图形 2.3 CTG的基本定义及术语有哪些 2.4 产前CTG的指征和时机是什么 2.5 如何判读无应激试验(nonstresstest,NST) 2.6 缩宫素激惹试验(oxytocin challenge test ,OCT)的适应证、禁忌证和判读标准如何掌握 2.7 产前CTG结果不正常该如何处理 2.8 产时胎儿监护:选择间断听诊、间断CTG,还是持续CTG 2.9 产时CTG结果如何判读和处理,如何减少过度干预 2.10 如何纠正导致CTG结果异常的可逆性因素并实施宫内复苏 2.11 可能导致胎心率异常改变的临床事件有哪些 2.12 促子宫颈成熟、催引产时该如何行CTG 2.13 如何看待CTG的效益与挑战 2.14 如何与孕妇及家属沟通CTG结果 2.15 对提供CTG服务的产科医务人员该如何培训 ![]() 3 结语 ![]() [1] 宋树良,郭晓辉.实用胎儿电子监护学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016. 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