【原】英语语法简单学：介词

一、内容纲要

二、内容简述

（一）定义

英语中介词是用来表示名词或代词宾语与句子中其他单词之间关系的词语。

它们后面总是跟名词（或动名词）或代词宾语，在英语中被称为“最大的小词”，因为它们具有非常重要的功能。如：

主谓	介词	名词/代词/动名词
The pen is	on	the table.
He lives	in	England.
Henry is looking	for	you.
The newspaper is	under	your green book.
Pascal is used	to	English people.
She isn't used	to	working.
We ate	before	coming.

（二）分类

介词主要分为三类：表时间、表地点方位、表其他关系。如：

PLACE地点	POSITION位置	DIRECTION方向	TIME时间	OTHER其他
above across along among at away from behind below beside between	beyond by down from in in front of inside into near off	on opposite out (of) outside over around through to towards under up	after before at by for during from in	except as like about with without by for

（三）表时间的介词

常用常考的是at、in、on：at常后接时刻，on常后接具体哪一天，in常后接月份、年份、年代、世纪等。如：

At	In	On
At 4:30 pm	in March	on Monday
At 3 o'clock	In Winter	On 6 March
At noon	In the summer	On 22 Dec.2012
At dinnertime	In 1990	On Christmas Day
At bedtime	In the next century	On your birthday
At the moment	In the future	On New Year's Eve

【注意】

next、last、this、every后面加时间单位时，前面不用介词。如：next week, last Friday, this morning, every month。

（四）表地点的介词

常用常考的是at、in、on：at表城市站点，in表示在某地或范围里，on表在表面。如：

At	In	On
At the bus stop	In London	On the wall
At the corner	In the garden	On the ceiling
At the entrance	In a box	On the floor
At the crossroads	In a building	On the carpet
At the top of the page	In a car	On a page

（五）更多介词

如：

介词	用法	示例
during	在...期间	during the movie, during the flight, during my stay
for	有多长时间	for two days, for an hour
from / to	从...到...	from Saturday to Monday, from 5 to 9
between	在...之间	between 1986 and 2012, between Saturday and Monday
until/till	直到	until/till Sunday,5 o'clock
by	到...时候为止	by Tuesday, by next month, by tomorrow
to	到...地方	to school, to work, to the station
into	进入	into the cinema, into the car
out of	从...出来	out of the theater, out of the car
by	在...旁边	LINK stand by me, by the lake
through	（从内部）通过	through the tunnel, through the room
across	（从表面）通过	across the river, across the street
against	倚靠	against the wall, against the door

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