句子中同一个位置,指代同一个事物或者群体的两个名词,或名词类短语,句子,互为同位关系。若后面名词的位置上是句子,则是前面名词所跟的同位语从句。同位语通常是对前面名词进行进一步的解释说明,在写作中可以为文章增添一些细节类信息。We Chinese people are brave.这个句子中,存在两个名词(短语):we 和Chinese people。we 和Chinese people都放在be动词are前面,即主语的位置上,满足同位关系。we=Chinese people,满足指代同一个群体。所以,we和Chinese people互为同位关系,后面的Chinese people是前面代名词we的同位语。Our English teacher, a kind lady, is patient with us.our English teacher和a kind lady都放在is前面的主语位置上,满足同位关系。且our English teacher=a kind lady,所以,a kind lady是our English teacher的同位语。Beijing, the capital city of China, is located in north of China.the capital city of China和Beijing都放在is前面,满足同位关系。且Beijing=the capital city of China,所以,the capital city of China是Beijing的同位语。The news that our team has won the game is true.the news和that our team has won the game都放在is前面的主语位置上,满足同位关系。且the news=that our team has won the game,所以that our team has won the game是the news的同位语。因为that our team has won the game是个句子,所以称为同位语从句。He didn't answer my question why he left without telling us.my question和why he left without telling us都放在谓语answer后面的宾语位置上,满足同位关系。且my question=why he left without telling us,所以why he left without telling us是my question的同位语。因为why he left without telling us是个句子,所以称为同位语从句。We supported his suggestion that the dam should be built at the foot of the mountain.his suggestion和 that the dam should be built at the foot of the mountain都放在谓语动词supported后面的宾语位置上,满足同位关系。且his suggestion=that the dam should be built at the foot of the mountain,所以,that the dam should be built at the foot of the mountain是his suggestion的同位语。因为that the dam should be built at the foot of the mountain是个句子,所以是同位语从句。
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