宾语从句复习要点
一、连接词
1.that引导宾语从句时,只起连接作用
●Iknow(that)heisaCanadianathlete.
2.whether或if引导宾语从句时,意为“是否”,。如:
●Idon’tknowwhether/ifmyparentsagreewithme.
注意:与ornot直接连用时只能用whether不可用if。如:
●Hedidn’tsaywhetherornothewouldbestayinghere.
下列情况下只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，有or或ornot时，与ornot连用时，用whether(if…ornot也可以使用)
Letmeknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.(=Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome)让我知道他是否能来。
Idon''tknowwhether/ifhedoesanywashingornot.(=Idon''tknowwhetherornothedoesanywashing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
Iwonderwhetherwestayorwhetherwego.我不知道我们是去还是留。
②在介词之后用whether
I''minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We''rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether
Hehasn''tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
Idon''tknowwhethertogo.我不知去否。
Hehasn''tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时，不能换用if
Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican''tsay.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether
Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否能来还是个问题。
Thequestioniswhetherwecancatchthebus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。
⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether
Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解为：
a.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。
b.Ifyoulikethebook，pleaseletmeknow.你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。
简化宾语从句的方法：
方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式
LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.→LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.
Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.→Wedecidedtohelphim.
方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”
Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.→Shehasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.
注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”
CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation?
方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order(命令)，require(需要)等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”
Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.→Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.
方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化
Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.→Heinsistedongoingwithus.
Thepoorboydoesn’tknowwhenandwherehewasborn.
→Thepoorboydoesn’tknowthetimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.
方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式(作宾语补足语)”结构
LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.→LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.
方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，可用不定式(短语)来简化，
Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.→Theboysseemedtowin.
除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：
IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.→IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.
Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.→Soonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.
Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.→Theyfoundtheboxveryheavy.
练习：
I.单项填空
1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?
-Yes，he‘sourheadmaster.
A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom
2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim?
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone
3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it
4.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday?
A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtit
C.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit
5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.
A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagree
6.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.
A.thatB.itC.whichwho
7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate
A.who‘sB.whoseC.thatofwhich.
8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.
A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;was
9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who
10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.
A.inthatweliveB.onwhichwelive
C.whereweliveinD.welivein
11.Hewantedtoknow___________.
A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting
B.whenthemeetingwouldstart
C.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeeting
D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld
12.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?
---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.
A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit
13.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,Mr.Wang?
A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat
14.Youcan’timagine_________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.
A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited
15.Iwanttoknow________youwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.
A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether
16.---Couldyoutellme____________?
---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.
A.whatdoeshesayatthemeeting
B.whatdidhesayatthemeeting
C.whathesaysatthemeeting
D.whathesaidatthemeeting
17.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?
---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.
A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing
Ⅱ、用适当的关系代词that，which，who，whom填空。
1.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.
3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.
4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
5.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow?
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